PMID- 21045686
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110516
LR  - 20110215
IS  - 1531-703X (Electronic)
IS  - 1040-8746 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 1
DP  - 2011 Jan
TI  - Small intestinal neuroendocrine cell pathobiology: 'carcinoid' tumors.
PG  - 45-52
LID - 10.1097/CCO.0b013e328340d006 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Neuroendocrine tumors, particularly small intestinal tumors, 
      also grouped as 'carcinoids', are defined by an increasing incidence and 
      prevalence, a poor response to current therapies, and confusion regarding 
      appropriate models for drug development. Despite these issues, approximately 350 
      studies were published in the last year. RECENT FINDINGS: Two sources of 
      confusion are clearly apparent. First, pharmacotherapeutic studies using 
      pancreatic tumor cell lines as models for small intestinal or 'carcinoid' tumor 
      biology are considered appropriate. Second, there is continued inclusion and 
      analysis of pancreatic endocrine tumors with small intestinal neuroendocrine 
      tumors in clinical studies. One highlight of this year is additional data 
      confirming the significant differences between pancreatic tumor cell lines and 
      small intestinal cell lines, the different gene expressions, for example, PAX8, 
      between these two tumor types, and the observations that these two tumors respond 
      differently in clinical trials, for example, to mammalian target of rapamycin 
      (mTOR) inhibitors. Other highlights include delineating the role of the tumor 
      microenvironment in the development of fibrosis and developing a minimum 
      pathology dataset and a prognostic nomogram that may have utility in stratifying 
      patients for clinical studies. SUMMARY: A number of interesting studies have been 
      published during 2009-2010, but critical areas remain that require resolution. 
      Current data, for the most part, reflect amplification of previously held 
      concepts with modest advances in novel information.
FAU - Kidd, Mark
AU  - Kidd M
AD  - Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 
      06520-8062, USA. mark.kidd@yale.edu
FAU - Modlin, Irvin M
AU  - Modlin IM
LA  - eng
GR  - DK080871/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Curr Opin Oncol
JT  - Current opinion in oncology
JID - 9007265
SB  - IM
MH  - Carcinoid Tumor/*pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intestinal Neoplasms/*pathology
MH  - Intestine, Small/*pathology
MH  - Neuroendocrine Tumors/*pathology
EDAT- 2010/11/04 06:00
MHDA- 2011/05/17 06:00
CRDT- 2010/11/04 06:00
PHST- 2010/11/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/11/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/05/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1097/CCO.0b013e328340d006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Opin Oncol. 2011 Jan;23(1):45-52. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0b013e328340d006.