PMID- 21051845
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110311
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 1423-002X (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-7346 (Linking)
VI  - 70
IP  - 4
DP  - 2010
TI  - Gardnerella biofilm involves females and males and is transmitted sexually.
PG  - 256-63
LID - 10.1159/000314015 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and distribution of adherent Gardnerella 
      vaginalis. METHODS: Bacteria adherent to desquamated epithelial cells in the 
      urine were detected using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Urine from 
      patients with bacterial vaginosis (BV, n = 20), their partners (n = 10) and 
      different control populations (n = 344) including pregnant women and their 
      partners, randomly selected populations of hospitalized man, women and children 
      as also healthy controls was investigated. RESULTS: Gardnerella was found in two 
      different forms: cohesive and dispersed. In the cohesive form, Gardnerella were 
      attached to the epithelial cells in groups of highly concentrated bacteria. In 
      the dispersed form, solitary Gardnerella were intermixed with other bacterial 
      groups. Cohesive Gardnerella was present in all patients with proven BV and their 
      partners, in 7% of men and 13% of women hospitalized for reasons other than BV, 
      in 16% of pregnant women and 12% of their male partners, and in none of the 
      healthy laboratory staff or children. In sexual partners, occurrence of cohesive 
      Gardnerella was clearly linked. Dispersed Gardnerella were found in 10-18% of 
      randomly selected females, 3-4% of males and 10% of children and not sexually 
      linked. In daily longitudinal investigations over 4 weeks no transition between 
      cohesive and dispersed Gardnerella and vice versa was observed. Transmission of a 
      cohesive Gardnerella strain could be followed retrospectively over 15 years using 
      molecular genetic methods. CONCLUSIONS: Cohesive Gardnerella biofilm is a 
      distinct, clearly definable entity which involves both genders and is sexually 
      transmitted. The correct name distinguishing it from symptom-defined conditions 
      like BV should be gardnerellosis and for the bacterium Gardnerella genitalis.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
FAU - Swidsinski, Alexander
AU  - Swidsinski A
AD  - Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Charite, Gastroenterology, Berlin, Germany. 
      alexander.swidsinski @ charite.de
FAU - Doerffel, Yvonne
AU  - Doerffel Y
FAU - Loening-Baucke, Vera
AU  - Loening-Baucke V
FAU - Swidsinski, Sonja
AU  - Swidsinski S
FAU - Verstraelen, Hans
AU  - Verstraelen H
FAU - Vaneechoutte, Mario
AU  - Vaneechoutte M
FAU - Lemm, Vesna
AU  - Lemm V
FAU - Schilling, Johannes
AU  - Schilling J
FAU - Mendling, Werner
AU  - Mendling W
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20101016
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Gynecol Obstet Invest
JT  - Gynecologic and obstetric investigation
JID - 7900587
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Bacterial Adhesion
MH  - Bacteriuria/microbiology
MH  - *Biofilms
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Epithelial Cells/microbiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Gardnerella vaginalis/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Hospitalization
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Male
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Sexual Partners
MH  - Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial/*microbiology/transmission
MH  - Urine/cytology/microbiology
MH  - Vaginosis, Bacterial/microbiology/transmission/urine
EDAT- 2010/11/06 06:00
MHDA- 2011/03/12 06:00
CRDT- 2010/11/06 06:00
PHST- 2009/02/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2009/08/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/11/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/11/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/03/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - 000314015 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000314015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2010;70(4):256-63. doi: 10.1159/000314015. Epub 2010 Oct 
      16.