PMID- 21059235
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20101213
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1471-2334 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2334 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2010 Nov 8
TI  - Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome presenting as chylothorax in a 
      patient with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection: a case report.
PG  - 321
LID - 10.1186/1471-2334-10-321 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are at 
      risk for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) coinfection. The advent of 
      antiretroviral therapy restores immunity in HIV-infected patients, but 
      predisposes patients to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). CASE 
      PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old HIV-infected male presented with fever, productive 
      cough, and body weight loss for 2 months. His CD4 cell count was 11 cells/mul and 
      HIV-1 viral load was 315,939 copies/ml. Antituberculosis therapy was initiated 
      after the diagnosis of pulmonary TB. One week after antituberculosis therapy, 
      antiretroviral therapy was started. However, multiple mediastinal 
      lymphadenopathies and chylothorax developed. Adequate drainage of the 
      chylothorax, suspension of antiretroviral therapy, and continued antituberculosis 
      therapy resulted in successful treatment and good outcome. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Chylothorax is a rare manifestation of TB-associated IRIS in HIV-infected 
      patients. Careful monitoring for development of IRIS during treatment of HIV-TB 
      coinfection is essential to minimize the associated morbidity and mortality.
FAU - Lin, Jiun-Nong
AU  - Lin JN
AD  - Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da 
      Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. ed100233@edah.org.tw
FAU - Lai, Chung-Hsu
AU  - Lai CH
FAU - Chen, Yen-Hsu
AU  - Chen YH
FAU - Chang, Lin-Li
AU  - Chang LL
FAU - Lee, Susan Shin-Jung
AU  - Lee SS
FAU - Lin, Hsi-Hsun
AU  - Lin HH
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20101108
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Infect Dis
JT  - BMC infectious diseases
JID - 100968551
RN  - 0 (Anti-HIV Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antitubercular Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Antitubercular Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - CD4 Lymphocyte Count
MH  - Chylothorax/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery
MH  - Drainage
MH  - HIV Infections/complications/*drug therapy/pathology/virology
MH  - HIV-1/isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/chemically 
      induced/*diagnosis/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Tuberculosis/complications/*drug therapy/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/diagnosis/pathology
MH  - Viral Load
MH  - Withholding Treatment
PMC - PMC2988055
EDAT- 2010/11/10 06:00
MHDA- 2010/12/14 06:00
PMCR- 2010/11/08
CRDT- 2010/11/10 06:00
PHST- 2010/06/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/11/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/11/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/11/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/12/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/11/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1471-2334-10-321 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1471-2334-10-321 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Infect Dis. 2010 Nov 8;10:321. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-321.