PMID- 21076228
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110120
LR  - 20101115
IS  - 0273-1223 (Print)
IS  - 0273-1223 (Linking)
VI  - 62
IP  - 10
DP  - 2010
TI  - Constructed wetland for water quality improvement: a case study from Taiwan.
PG  - 2408-18
LID - 10.2166/wst.2010.492 [doi]
AB  - In Taiwan, more than 20% of the major rivers are mildly to heavily polluted by 
      domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters due to the low percentage of 
      sewers connected to wastewater treatment plants. Thus, constructed or engineered 
      wetlands have been adopted as the major alternatives to clean up polluted rivers. 
      Constructed wetlands are also applied as the tertiary wastewater treatment 
      systems for the wastewater polishment to meet water reuse standards with lower 
      operational costs. The studied Kaoping River Rail Bridge Constructed Wetland 
      (KRRBCW) is the largest constructed wetland in Taiwan. It is a multi-function 
      wetland and is used for polluted creek water purification and secondary 
      wastewater polishment before it is discharged into the Kaoping River. Although 
      constructed wetlands are feasible for contaminated water treatment, wetland 
      sediments are usually the sinks for organics and metals. In this study, water and 
      sediment samples were collected from the major wetland basins in KRRBCW. The 
      investigation results show that more than 97% of total coliforms (TC), 55% of 
      biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and 30% of nutrients [e.g. total nitrogen (TN), 
      total phosphorus (TP)] were removed via the constructed wetland system. However, 
      results from the sediment analyses show that wetland sediments contained high 
      concentrations of metals (e.g. Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, and Mn), organic contents 
      (sediment oxygen demand = 1.7 to 7.6 g O(2)/m(2) d), and nutrients (up to 18.7 
      g/kg of TN and 1.22 g/kg of TN). Thus, sediments should be excavated periodically 
      to prevent the release the pollutants into the wetland system and causing the 
      deterioration of wetland water quality. Results of polymerase chain reaction 
      (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and nucleotide sequence 
      analysis reveal that a variation in microbial diversity in the wetland systems 
      was observed. Results from the DGGE analysis indicate that all sediment samples 
      contained significant amounts of microbial ribospecies, which might contribute to 
      the carbon degradation and nitrogen removal. Gradual disappearance of E. coli was 
      also observed along the flow courses through natural attenuation mechanisms.
FAU - Wu, C Y
AU  - Wu CY
AD  - Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 
      Kaohsiung, Chinese Taiwan.
FAU - Liu, J K
AU  - Liu JK
FAU - Cheng, S H
AU  - Cheng SH
FAU - Surampalli, D E
AU  - Surampalli DE
FAU - Chen, C W
AU  - Chen CW
FAU - Kao, C M
AU  - Kao CM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Water Sci Technol
JT  - Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on 
      Water Pollution Research
JID - 9879497
SB  - IM
MH  - Taiwan
MH  - *Water Microbiology
MH  - Water Pollution/prevention & control
MH  - Water Purification/*methods
MH  - *Wetlands
EDAT- 2010/11/16 06:00
MHDA- 2011/01/21 06:00
CRDT- 2010/11/16 06:00
PHST- 2010/11/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/11/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/01/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2166/wst.2010.492 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Water Sci Technol. 2010;62(10):2408-18. doi: 10.2166/wst.2010.492.