PMID- 21088675
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110815
LR  - 20190816
IS  - 1930-739X (Electronic)
IS  - 1930-7381 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 4
DP  - 2011 Apr
TI  - Lipid-heparin infusion suppresses the IL-10 response to trauma in subcutaneous 
      adipose tissue in humans.
PG  - 715-21
LID - 10.1038/oby.2010.227 [doi]
AB  - An imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine productions in adipose 
      tissue is thought to contribute to chronic, systemic, low-grade inflammation and 
      consequently to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in obese and 
      type 2 diabetic patients. Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), whose serum levels 
      are elevated in such patients, have been shown to interfere with cytokine 
      production in vitro. In order to evaluate the effects of elevated NEFA levels on 
      cytokine production in adipose tissue in vivo we used an 18-gauge open-flow 
      microperfusion (OFM) catheter to induce local inflammation in the subcutaneous 
      adipose tissue (SAT) of healthy volunteers and to sample interstitial fluid (IF) 
      specifically from the inflamed tissue. In two crossover studies, nine subjects 
      received either an intravenous lipid-heparin infusion to elevate circulating NEFA 
      levels or saline over a period of 28 h. The former increased the circulating 
      levels of triglycerides (TGs), NEFA, glucose, and insulin over the study period. 
      NEFA effects on locally induced inflammation were estimated by measuring the 
      levels of a panel adipokines in the OFM probe effluent. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), 
      IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 
      (MCP-1) levels increased during the study period but were not affected by 
      lipid-heparin infusion. In contrast, the level of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory 
      cytokine, was significantly reduced during the final hour of lipid-heparin 
      infusion (saline: 449.2 +/- 105.9 vs. lipid-heparin: 65.4 +/- 15.4 pg/ml; P = 0.02). 
      These data provide the first in vivo evidence that elevated NEFA can modulate 
      cytokine production by adipose tissue.
FAU - Ikeoka, Dimas T
AU  - Ikeoka DT
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. 
      dimas.ikeoka@healthsite.at
FAU - Pachler, Christoph
AU  - Pachler C
FAU - Mader, Julia K
AU  - Mader JK
FAU - Bock, Gerlies
AU  - Bock G
FAU - Neves, Ana L
AU  - Neves AL
FAU - Svehlikova, Eva
AU  - Svehlikova E
FAU - Feichtner, Franz
AU  - Feichtner F
FAU - Koehler, Gerd
AU  - Koehler G
FAU - Wrighton, Christopher J
AU  - Wrighton CJ
FAU - Pieber, Thomas R
AU  - Pieber TR
FAU - Ellmerer, Martin
AU  - Ellmerer M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20101118
PL  - United States
TA  - Obesity (Silver Spring)
JT  - Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
JID - 101264860
RN  - 0 (Adipokines)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (CCL2 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (CXCL8 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CCL2)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Nonesterified)
RN  - 0 (IL10 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (IL6 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-8)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Triglycerides)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 130068-27-8 (Interleukin-10)
RN  - 9005-49-6 (Heparin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipokines/metabolism
MH  - Adult
MH  - Blood Glucose/analysis
MH  - Catheters
MH  - Chemokine CCL2/blood
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Cytokines/biosynthesis
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/immunology
MH  - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/*administration & dosage/blood
MH  - Heparin/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/pathology
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Interleukin-10/*metabolism
MH  - Interleukin-6/blood
MH  - Interleukin-8/blood
MH  - Lipids/blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Obesity/complications/immunology
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Subcutaneous Fat/*metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - Triglycerides/blood
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2010/11/23 06:00
MHDA- 2011/08/16 06:00
CRDT- 2010/11/20 06:00
PHST- 2010/11/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/11/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/08/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - oby2010227 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/oby.2010.227 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011 Apr;19(4):715-21. doi: 10.1038/oby.2010.227. Epub 
      2010 Nov 18.