PMID- 21126379
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110405
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1743-8977 (Electronic)
IS  - 1743-8977 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2010 Dec 3
TI  - The nanosilica hazard: another variable entity.
PG  - 39
LID - 10.1186/1743-8977-7-39 [doi]
AB  - Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are produced on an industrial scale and are an 
      addition to a growing number of commercial products. SNPs also have great 
      potential for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. 
      Contrary to the well-studied crystalline micron-sized silica, relatively little 
      information exists on the toxicity of its amorphous and nano-size forms. Because 
      nanoparticles possess novel properties, kinetics and unusual bioactivity, their 
      potential biological effects may differ greatly from those of micron-size bulk 
      materials. In this review, we summarize the physico-chemical properties of the 
      different nano-sized silica materials that can affect their interaction with 
      biological systems, with a specific emphasis on inhalation exposure. We discuss 
      recent in vitro and in vivo investigations into the toxicity of nanosilica, both 
      crystalline and amorphous. Most of the in vitro studies of SNPs report results of 
      cellular uptake, size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen 
      species levels and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Evidence from a limited number 
      of in vivo studies demonstrates largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma 
      formation and focal emphysema, with no progressive lung fibrosis. Clearly, more 
      research with standardized materials is needed to enable comparison of 
      experimental data for the different forms of nanosilicas and to establish which 
      physico-chemical properties are responsible for the observed toxicity of SNPs.
FAU - Napierska, Dorota
AU  - Napierska D
AD  - Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 
      Leuven, Belgium.
FAU - Thomassen, Leen C J
AU  - Thomassen LC
FAU - Lison, Dominique
AU  - Lison D
FAU - Martens, Johan A
AU  - Martens JA
FAU - Hoet, Peter H
AU  - Hoet PH
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20101203
PL  - England
TA  - Part Fibre Toxicol
JT  - Particle and fibre toxicology
JID - 101236354
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational)
RN  - 7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants, Occupational/*toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inhalation Exposure
MH  - Nanoparticles/*toxicity
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Silicon Dioxide/chemical synthesis/classification/*toxicity
PMC - PMC3014868
EDAT- 2010/12/04 06:00
MHDA- 2011/04/06 06:00
PMCR- 2010/12/03
CRDT- 2010/12/04 06:00
PHST- 2010/06/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/12/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/12/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/04/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/12/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1743-8977-7-39 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1743-8977-7-39 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Part Fibre Toxicol. 2010 Dec 3;7(1):39. doi: 10.1186/1743-8977-7-39.