PMID- 21144864
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110504
LR  - 20110125
IS  - 1872-678X (Electronic)
IS  - 0165-0270 (Linking)
VI  - 195
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Feb 15
TI  - Short- and intermediate-interval cortical inhibition and facilitation assessed by 
      navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation.
PG  - 241-8
LID - 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.11.022 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To characterize the behaviour of primary motor cortex and to determine 
      appropriate measurement parameters for short-interval cortical inhibition (SICI) 
      and intracortical facilitation (ICF) by paired-pulse transcranial magnetic 
      stimulation (TMS) with the aid of MRI-based neuronavigation. METHODS: 
      Paired-pulse TMS was targeted to the optimal cortical representation sites of the 
      abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle in 48 healthy right-handed volunteers. 
      Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the APB and abductor digiti 
      minimi (ADM) muscles. The conditioning stimulus (CS) intensities were 80% and 90% 
      and the test stimulus was 120% of the resting motor threshold (rMT). The 
      interstimulus intervals (ISIs) were 3, 7, 13, 22 and 28 ms. RESULTS: Inhibition 
      was observed at 3 ms with a CS of 80%. Facilitation emerged at ISIs of 7 and 13 
      ms with both CS intensities, more prominently with 90%. At ISI of 22 ms, 
      facilitation was observed in ADM (p<0.01) but not in APB. No uniform amplitude 
      change was observed at ISI of 28 ms. For both muscles, MEP latencies were 
      shortened (p<0.01) at ISIs of 3 and 7 ms and prolonged (p<0.01) at 28 ms. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition is most prominent at ISI of 3 ms and CS of 80% of rMT, 
      whereas CS of 90% of rMT and ISIs of 7 and 13 ms are preferable for facilitation. 
      Latencies appear to be stable and independent indicators of both phenomena should 
      be taken into account. SIGNIFICANCE: Both the latency and amplitude of MEPs are 
      important parameters when paired-pulse paradigms are used in clinical studies.
CI  - (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Saisanen, Laura
AU  - Saisanen L
AD  - Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, 
      Finland. laura.saisanen@kuh.fi
FAU - Julkunen, Petro
AU  - Julkunen P
FAU - Niskanen, Eini
AU  - Niskanen E
FAU - Hukkanen, Taina
AU  - Hukkanen T
FAU - Mervaala, Esa
AU  - Mervaala E
FAU - Karhu, Jari
AU  - Karhu J
FAU - Kononen, Mervi
AU  - Kononen M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20101207
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Neurosci Methods
JT  - Journal of neuroscience methods
JID - 7905558
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Confidence Intervals
MH  - Electromyography
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Motor/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Functional Laterality
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Motor Cortex/*physiology
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
MH  - Neural Inhibition/*physiology
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/*methods
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2010/12/15 06:00
MHDA- 2011/05/05 06:00
CRDT- 2010/12/15 06:00
PHST- 2010/04/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/11/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/11/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/12/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/05/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0165-0270(10)00658-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.11.022 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurosci Methods. 2011 Feb 15;195(2):241-8. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.11.022. Epub 2010 Dec 7.