PMID- 21147046
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110411
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1873-376X (Electronic)
IS  - 1570-0232 (Linking)
VI  - 879
IP  - 1
DP  - 2011 Jan 1
TI  - Stereoselective method development and validation for determination of 
      concentrations of amphetamine-type stimulants and metabolites in human urine 
      using a simultaneous extraction-chiral derivatization approach.
PG  - 8-16
LID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.10.037 [doi]
AB  - Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) are a group of chiral amine drugs which are 
      commonly abused for their sympathomimetic and stimulant properties. ATS are 
      extensively metabolised by hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes. As metabolism of ATS 
      has been shown to be highly stereospecific, stereoselective analytical methods 
      are essential for the quantitative determination of ATS concentrations for both 
      in vivo and in vitro studies of ATS metabolism. This paper describes a new 
      stereoselective method for the simultaneous determination of amphetamine (AM), 
      methamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 
      3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA), 
      4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA), 3,4-hydroxymethamphetamine (HHMA) and 
      3,4-hydroxyamphetamine (HHA) in human urine samples validated according to the 
      United States Food and Drug Administration guidelines. In this method, analytes 
      are simultaneously extracted and derivatized with 
      R-(-)-alpha-methoxy-alpha-(trifluoromethyl)phenylacetyl chloride (R-MTPCl) as the chiral 
      derivatization reagent. Following this, the analytes were subjected to a second 
      derivatization with N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) which 
      targets the hydroxyl groups present in HMMA, HMA, HHMA and HHA. The derivatized 
      analytes were separated and quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 
      (GC-MS). The method was evaluated according to the established guidelines for 
      specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery and stability using a 
      five-day protocol. Intra-day precision ranged from 0.89 to 11.23% RSD whereas 
      inter-day precision was between 1.03 and 12.95% RSD. Accuracy values for the 
      analytes ranged from -5.29% to 13.75%. Limits of quantitation were 10 mug/L for 
      AM, MA, MDMA, HMA and HMMA and 2mug/L for MDA, HMA and HHA. Recoveries and 
      stability values were also within accepted values. The method was applied to 
      authentic ATS-positive samples.
CI  - Crown Copyright (c) 2010. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wan Raihana, W A
AU  - Wan Raihana WA
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains 
      Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
FAU - Gan, S H
AU  - Gan SH
FAU - Tan, S C
AU  - Tan SC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20101124
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
JT  - Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life 
      sciences
JID - 101139554
RN  - 0 (Amphetamines)
RN  - 0 (Illicit Drugs)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amphetamines/chemistry/isolation & purification/*urine
MH  - Chemical Fractionation/*methods
MH  - Drug Stability
MH  - Drug Users
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Illicit Drugs/chemistry/isolation & purification/*urine
MH  - Least-Squares Analysis
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Stereoisomerism
EDAT- 2010/12/15 06:00
MHDA- 2011/04/13 06:00
CRDT- 2010/12/15 06:00
PHST- 2010/08/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/10/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/10/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/12/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/04/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1570-0232(10)00684-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.10.037 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2011 Jan 1;879(1):8-16. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.10.037. Epub 2010 Nov 24.