PMID- 21157115
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111011
LR  - 20190608
IS  - 1880-3873 (Electronic)
IS  - 1340-3478 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 4
DP  - 2011
TI  - Housefly maggots (Musca domestica) protein-enriched fraction/extracts (PE) 
      inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced atherosclerosis pro-inflammatory responses.
PG  - 282-90
AB  - AIM: To investigate the effects of housefly maggot (Musca domestica) 
      protein-enriched fraction/extracts (PE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced 
      atherosclerosis (AS) pro-inflammatory responses in mice and macrophages. METHODS: 
      The mouse model of AS was established by feeding a cholesterol-enriched diet and 
      inducing by LPS. Changes in the levels of blood lipids (total cholesterol (TC), 
      triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and high-density 
      lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon-gamma 
      (IFNgamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha)) were 
      determined. Histomorphometric analysis of the pathological condition of the 
      artery was also carried out. The macrophages were stimulated by LPS in the 
      presence or absence of PE, and then the levels of TNFalpha, IL-1alpha and monocyte 
      chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in cell culture supernatant were measured. RESULTS: 
      Compared with the negative control group, the levels of three pro-inflammatory 
      cytokines were significantly enhanced in the PE treatment group (p< 0.01). The 
      concentrations of TC, TG and LDL were lower in the PE treatment group than in the 
      negative control group (p< 0.01). HDL concentration in the PE treatment group was 
      higher than in the negative control group (p< 0.01). Histomorphometric analysis 
      showed that the thickness of the intima and media area, as well as the area ratio 
      of the intima to media in the PE treatment group were lower than in the negative 
      control group (p< 0.01). The expression of TNFalpha, IL-1alpha and MCP-1 in LPS-induced 
      macrophages was inhibited by different concentrations of PE (p< 0.01). 
      CONCLUSION: These results indicate that PE potently inhibited multiple 
      pro-inflammatory responses in experimental atherosclerosis lesions in vivo, and 
      possessed anti-pro-inflammatory properties in vitro.
FAU - Chu, Fu-Jiang
AU  - Chu FJ
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory for Bioactive Drugs Research, Guangdong Pharmaceutical 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Jin, Xiao-Bao
AU  - Jin XB
FAU - Zhu, Jia-Yong
AU  - Zhu JY
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20101210
PL  - Japan
TA  - J Atheroscler Thromb
JT  - Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis
JID - 9506298
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Insect Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
RN  - 97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Atherosclerosis/chemically induced/*drug therapy
MH  - Blood Vessels/pathology
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Cholesterol/administration & dosage
MH  - Cytokines/blood
MH  - Houseflies/*chemistry
MH  - Inflammation/*prevention & control
MH  - Insect Proteins/isolation & purification/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Larva/*chemistry
MH  - Lipids/blood
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides
MH  - Macrophages/drug effects
MH  - Mice
EDAT- 2010/12/16 06:00
MHDA- 2011/10/12 06:00
CRDT- 2010/12/16 06:00
PHST- 2010/12/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/10/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - JST.JSTAGE/jat/5991 [pii]
AID - 10.5551/jat.5991 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Atheroscler Thromb. 2011;18(4):282-90. doi: 10.5551/jat.5991. Epub 2010 Dec 10.