PMID- 21161749
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110120
LR  - 20220309
IS  - 1866-3370 (Print)
IS  - 1866-3389 (Electronic)
IS  - 1866-3370 (Linking)
VI  - 3
DP  - 2010
TI  - Dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens of animals self-administering drugs 
      of abuse.
PG  - 29-71
LID - 10.1007/7854_2009_27 [doi]
AB  - Abuse of psychoactive substances can lead to drug addiction. In animals, 
      addiction is best modeled by drug self-administration paradigms. It has been 
      proposed that the crucial common denominator for the development of drug 
      addiction is the ability of drugs of abuse to increase extracellular 
      concentrations of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Studies using in vivo 
      microdialysis and chronoamperometry in the behaving animal have demonstrated that 
      drugs of abuse increase tonic dopamine concentrations in the NAcc. However, it is 
      known that dopamine neurons respond to reward-related stimuli on a subsecond 
      timescale. Thus, it is necessary to collect neurochemical information with this 
      level of temporal resolution, as achieved with in vivo fast-scan cyclic 
      voltammetry (FSCV), to fully understand the role of phasic dopamine release in 
      normal behavior and drug addiction. We review studies that investigated the 
      effects of drugs of abuse on NAcc dopamine levels in freely moving animals using 
      in vivo microdialysis, chronoamperometry, and FSCV. After a brief introduction of 
      dopamine signal transduction and anatomy and a section on current theories on the 
      role of dopamine in natural goal-directed behavior, a discussion of techniques 
      for the in vivo assessment of extracellular dopamine in behaving animals is 
      presented. Then, we review studies using these techniques to investigate changes 
      in phasic and tonic dopamine signaling in the NAcc during (1) response-dependent 
      and -independent administration of abused drugs, (2) the presentation of 
      drug-conditioned stimuli and operant behavior in self-administration paradigms, 
      (3) drug withdrawal, and (4) cue-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. These 
      results are then integrated with current ideas on the role of dopamine in 
      addiction with an emphasis on a model illustrating phasic and tonic NAcc dopamine 
      signaling during different stages of drug addiction. This model predicts that 
      phasic dopamine release in response to drug-related stimuli will be enhanced over 
      stimuli associated with natural reinforcers, which may result in aberrant 
      goal-directed behaviors contributing to drug addiction.
FAU - Willuhn, Ingo
AU  - Willuhn I
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, WA 98195, USA. willuhn@u.washington.edu
FAU - Wanat, Matthew J
AU  - Wanat MJ
FAU - Clark, Jeremy J
AU  - Clark JJ
FAU - Phillips, Paul E M
AU  - Phillips PE
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DA027858/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R21 DA021793/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Germany
TA  - Curr Top Behav Neurosci
JT  - Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
JID - 101535383
RN  - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Action Potentials/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Behavior, Animal
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Dopamine/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Motivation
MH  - Neurons/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Nucleus Accumbens/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Reinforcement, Psychology
MH  - Self Administration
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*pathology/*psychology
PMC - PMC3766749
MID - NIHMS467821
EDAT- 2010/12/17 06:00
MHDA- 2011/01/21 06:00
PMCR- 2013/09/08
CRDT- 2010/12/17 06:00
PHST- 2010/12/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/01/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/09/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/7854_2009_27 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2010;3:29-71. doi: 10.1007/7854_2009_27.