PMID- 21176991
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110927
LR  - 20110503
IS  - 1618-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0171-9335 (Linking)
VI  - 90
IP  - 6-7
DP  - 2011 Jun-Jul
TI  - Viral Interleukin-6: Structure, pathophysiology and strategies of neutralization.
PG  - 495-504
LID - 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.10.016 [doi]
AB  - Viral Interleukin-6 (vIL-6) is encoded by Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), also known 
      as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpes virus (KSHV). HHV8 infection is found 
      in patients with KS, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and plasma cell-type of 
      multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD), with a high incidence observed in HIV 
      infected individuals. vIL-6 shares about 25% identity with its human counterpart. 
      Human IL-6 (hIL-6) binds to the human IL-6 receptor (hIL-6R) and the hIL-6/hIL-6R 
      complex associates with the signaling receptor subunit gp130. Upon dimerization 
      of gp130 intracellular signaling is initiated. All cells in the body express 
      gp130 but only some cell types express the hIL-6R. Human IL-6 does not stimulate 
      cells, which do not express hIL-6R. However, a naturally occurring soluble form 
      of the hIL-6R (shIL-6R) can bind hIL-6 and the complex of hIL-6/shIL-6R can 
      stimulate cells, which only express gp130 but no hIL-6R. This process, which has 
      been named trans-signaling, leads to a dramatic increase in the spectrum of hIL-6 
      target cells during inflammation and cancer. vIL-6, in contrast to hIL-6, can 
      directly bind to and activate gp130 without the need of the hIL-6R. Therefore, at 
      least in theory, vIL-6 can stimulate every cell in the human body. This review 
      highlights the properties of vIL-6 regarding structural features, implications 
      for pathophysiology, and strategies of neutralization. Furthermore, mechanisms of 
      activation of gp130 by hIL-6, vIL-6, and by forced dimerization will be 
      discussed.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
FAU - Suthaus, Jan
AU  - Suthaus J
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
FAU - Adam, Nina
AU  - Adam N
FAU - Grotzinger, Joachim
AU  - Grotzinger J
FAU - Scheller, Jurgen
AU  - Scheller J
FAU - Rose-John, Stefan
AU  - Rose-John S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20101221
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur J Cell Biol
JT  - European journal of cell biology
JID - 7906240
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Interleukin-6)
RN  - 133483-10-0 (Cytokine Receptor gp130)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokine Receptor gp130/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Herpesvirus 8, Human/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interleukin-6/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Receptors, Interleukin-6/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction
EDAT- 2010/12/24 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2010/12/24 06:00
PHST- 2010/08/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/10/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/10/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2010/12/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0171-9335(10)00235-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.10.016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Cell Biol. 2011 Jun-Jul;90(6-7):495-504. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.10.016. 
      Epub 2010 Dec 21.