PMID- 21178921
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110519
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 0391-1977 (Print)
IS  - 1827-1634 (Electronic)
IS  - 0391-1977 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 4
DP  - 2010 Dec
TI  - Sex hormone-binding globulin genetic variation: associations with type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome.
PG  - 271-80
AB  - Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is the primary plasma transport protein for 
      sex steroid hormones and regulates the bioavailability of these hormones to 
      target tissues. The gene encoding SHBG is complex and any of several 
      polymorphisms in SHBG have been associated with alterations in circulating SHBG 
      levels. Epidemiological studies have revealed that low plasma SHBG levels are an 
      early indicator of insulin resistance and predict the development of type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in both men and women. Although associations between low 
      SHBG levels and risk of diabetes could be explained by the observation that 
      elevations in insulin suppress hepatic SHBG production, recent studies 
      documenting that the transmission of SHBG-altering polymorphisms are associated 
      with risk of T2DM suggest that SHBG may have a more direct physiologic role in 
      glucose homeostasis. However, the exact mechanism(s) underlying this association 
      is not known. Non-diabetic women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a 
      common endocrine disorder that is associated with insulin resistance, similarly 
      demonstrate lower levels of SHBG. In light of studies investigating polymorphisms 
      in SHBG and T2DM, our group and others have hypothesized that SHBG may represent 
      a candidate gene for PCOS. In this manuscript, we review studies investigating 
      the association between SHBG polymorphisms and PCOS. In summary, multiple studies 
      in women with PCOS confirm that certain genetic polymorphisms are associated with 
      circulating SHBG levels, but they are not consistently associated with PCOS per 
      se.
FAU - Chen, C
AU  - Chen C
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 
      Richmond, VA, USA.
FAU - Smothers, J
AU  - Smothers J
FAU - Lange, A
AU  - Lange A
FAU - Nestler, J E
AU  - Nestler JE
FAU - Strauss Iii, J F
AU  - Strauss Iii JF
FAU - Wickham Iii, E P
AU  - Wickham Iii EP
LA  - eng
GR  - K23-HD049454/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 HD034449/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 HD053742/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54-HD034449/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 HD049454/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23HD053742/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
PL  - Italy
TA  - Minerva Endocrinol
JT  - Minerva endocrinologica
JID - 8406505
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Protein Isoforms)
RN  - 0 (Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/physiology
MH  - Insulin Resistance/genetics
MH  - Liver/metabolism
MH  - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/blood/*genetics
MH  - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/*genetics
MH  - Protein Isoforms/genetics
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin/*genetics/physiology
PMC - PMC3683392
MID - NIHMS478839
COIS- Potential Conflicts of Interest: None to disclose.
EDAT- 2010/12/24 06:00
MHDA- 2011/05/20 06:00
PMCR- 2013/06/15
CRDT- 2010/12/24 06:00
PHST- 2010/12/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/12/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/05/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - R07101803 [pii]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Minerva Endocrinol. 2010 Dec;35(4):271-80.