PMID- 21199930
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110601
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1098-6596 (Electronic)
IS  - 0066-4804 (Print)
IS  - 0066-4804 (Linking)
VI  - 55
IP  - 3
DP  - 2011 Mar
TI  - Dextromethorphan efficiently increases bactericidal activity, attenuates 
      inflammatory responses, and prevents group a streptococcal sepsis.
PG  - 967-73
LID - 10.1128/AAC.00950-10 [doi]
AB  - Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an important human pathogen that causes a wide 
      spectrum of diseases, ranging from mild throat and skin infections to severe 
      invasive diseases such as necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock 
      syndrome. Dextromethorphan (DM), a dextrorotatory morphinan and a widely used 
      antitussive drug, has recently been reported to possess anti-inflammatory 
      properties. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of DM 
      in GAS infection using an air pouch infection mouse model. Our results showed 
      that DM treatment increased the survival rate of GAS-infected mice. Bacterial 
      numbers in the air pouch were lower in mice treated with DM than in those 
      infected with GAS alone. The bacterial elimination efficacy was associated with 
      increased cell viability and bactericidal activity of air-pouch-infiltrating 
      cells. Moreover, DM treatment prevented bacterial dissemination in the blood and 
      reduced serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor 
      necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-1beta and the chemokines monocyte chemotactic 
      protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), and RANTES. In 
      addition, GAS-induced mouse liver injury was reduced by DM treatment. Taken 
      together, DM can increase bacterial killing and reduce inflammatory responses to 
      prevent sepsis in GAS infection. The consideration of DM as an adjunct treatment 
      in combination with antibiotics against bacterial infection warrants further 
      study.
FAU - Li, Ming-Han
AU  - Li MH
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University Medical 
      College, 1 University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
FAU - Luo, Yueh-Hsia
AU  - Luo YH
FAU - Lin, Chiou-Feng
AU  - Lin CF
FAU - Chang, Yu-Tzu
AU  - Chang YT
FAU - Lu, Shiou-Ling
AU  - Lu SL
FAU - Kuo, Chih-Feng
AU  - Kuo CF
FAU - Hong, Jau-Shyong
AU  - Hong JS
FAU - Lin, Yee-Shin
AU  - Lin YS
LA  - eng
GR  - Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110103
PL  - United States
TA  - Antimicrob Agents Chemother
JT  - Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
JID - 0315061
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 7355X3ROTS (Dextromethorphan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Bacteremia/prevention & control
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Dextromethorphan/*therapeutic use
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Sepsis/*microbiology/*prevention & control
MH  - Streptococcal Infections/*drug therapy
PMC - PMC3067087
EDAT- 2011/01/05 06:00
MHDA- 2011/06/02 06:00
PMCR- 2011/09/01
CRDT- 2011/01/05 06:00
PHST- 2011/01/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/01/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/06/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - AAC.00950-10 [pii]
AID - 0950-10 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/AAC.00950-10 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Mar;55(3):967-73. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00950-10. 
      Epub 2011 Jan 3.