PMID- 21259024
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120104
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1439-6327 (Electronic)
IS  - 1439-6319 (Linking)
VI  - 111
IP  - 9
DP  - 2011 Sep
TI  - Combined carbohydrate-protein supplementation improves competitive endurance 
      exercise performance in the heat.
PG  - 2051-61
LID - 10.1007/s00421-011-1831-5 [doi]
AB  - Laboratory-based studies have demonstrated that adding protein (PRO) to a 
      carbohydrate (CHO) supplement can improve thermoregulatory capacity, exercise 
      performance and recovery. However, no study has investigated these effects in a 
      competitive sporting context. This study assessed the effects of combined CHO-PRO 
      supplementation on physiological responses and exercise performance during 8 days 
      of strenuous competition in a hot environment. Twenty-eight cyclists 
      participating in the TransAlp mountain bike race were randomly assigned to 
      fitness-matched placebo (PLA 76 g L(-1) CHO) or CHO-PRO (18 g L(-1) PRO, 72 g 
      L(-1) CHO) groups. Participants were given enough supplements to allow ad libitum 
      consumption. Physiological and anthropometric variables were recorded pre- and 
      post-exercise. Body mass decreased significantly from race stage 1 to 8 in the 
      PLA group (-0.75 +/- 0.22 kg, P = 0.01) but did not change in the CHO-PRO group 
      (0.42 +/- 0.42 kg, P = 0.35). Creatine kinase concentration and muscle soreness 
      were substantially elevated during the race, but were not different between 
      groups (P = 0.82, P = 0.44, respectively). Urine osmolality was significantly 
      higher in the CHO-PRO versus the PLA group (P = 0.04) and the rise in tympanic 
      temperature from pre- to post-exercise was significantly less in CHO-PRO versus 
      PLA (P = 0.01). The CHO-PRO group also completed the 8 stages significantly 
      quicker than the PLA group (2,277 +/- 127 vs. 2,592 +/- 68 min, respectively, P = 
      0.02). CHO-PRO supplementation therefore appears to prevent body mass loss, 
      enhance thermoregulatory capacity and improve competitive exercise performance 
      despite no effect on muscle damage.
FAU - Cathcart, Andrew J
AU  - Cathcart AJ
AD  - Institute for Diet, Exercise and Lifestyle, Faculty of Biomedical and Life 
      Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
FAU - Murgatroyd, Scott R
AU  - Murgatroyd SR
FAU - McNab, Alison
AU  - McNab A
FAU - Whyte, Laura J
AU  - Whyte LJ
FAU - Easton, Chris
AU  - Easton C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110123
PL  - Germany
TA  - Eur J Appl Physiol
JT  - European journal of applied physiology
JID - 100954790
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Drug Combinations)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Adult
MH  - Athletic Performance/*physiology
MH  - Bicycling/physiology
MH  - Body Temperature Regulation/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Competitive Behavior/*drug effects/physiology
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Drug Combinations
MH  - Female
MH  - *Hot Temperature/adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Off-Road Motor Vehicles
MH  - Physical Endurance/*drug effects/physiology
EDAT- 2011/01/25 06:00
MHDA- 2012/01/05 06:00
CRDT- 2011/01/25 06:00
PHST- 2010/05/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/01/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/01/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/01/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/01/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00421-011-1831-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Sep;111(9):2051-61. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-1831-5. Epub 
      2011 Jan 23.