PMID- 21282048
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130326
LR  - 20121022
IS  - 1618-1433 (Electronic)
IS  - 0940-2993 (Linking)
VI  - 64
IP  - 7-8
DP  - 2012 Nov
TI  - Toxicity of Moringa oleifera seed extract on some hematological and biochemical 
      profiles in a freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio.
PG  - 681-7
LID - S0940-2993(11)00002-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.001 [doi]
AB  - The study was carried out to investigate the acute and sublethal toxicity of 
      Moringa oleifera seed extract on hematological and biochemical variables of a 
      freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio under laboratory conditions. The 96 h LC50 value 
      of M. oleifera seed extract to the fish C. carpio was estimated by probit 
      analysis method and was found to be 124.0 mg/L (with 95% confidence limits). For 
      sublethal studies a non lethal dose of 1/10th of 96 h LC50 value (12.40 mg/L) was 
      taken. During acute treatment (96 h), hematological variables like red blood cell 
      count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin 
      concentration (MCHC) were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in fish exposed to 
      seed extract. However a significant (P<0.05) increase in white blood cell count 
      (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) value 
      was observed in the exposed fish during above treatment period when compared to 
      that of the control groups. Biochemical parameters such as plasma protein and 
      glucose levels significantly declined in fish exposed to seed extract while a 
      significant (P<0.05) increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine 
      aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was observed. 
      During sublethal treatment (12.40 mg/L), WBC count, MCV, MCH, plasma glucose, 
      AST, ALT and ALP activities were gradually elevated (P<0.05) at the end of 7, 14, 
      21, 28 and 35th days in seed extract exposed fish, whereas plasma protein level 
      declined. However, a biphasic trend was noticed in Hb, Hct, RBC and MCHC levels. 
      This study may provide baseline information about the toxicity of M. oleifera 
      seed extract to C. carpio and to establish safer limit in water purification.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kavitha, Chokkalingam
AU  - Kavitha C
AD  - Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar 
      University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
FAU - Ramesh, Mathan
AU  - Ramesh M
FAU - Kumaran, Satyanarayanan Senthil
AU  - Kumaran SS
FAU - Lakshmi, Srinivasan Audhi
AU  - Lakshmi SA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20110201
PL  - Germany
TA  - Exp Toxicol Pathol
JT  - Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur 
      Toxikologische Pathologie
JID - 9208920
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Blood Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Hemoglobins)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - EC 2.6.1.- (Transaminases)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alkaline Phosphatase/blood
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aquaculture/methods
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Blood Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Carps/*blood
MH  - Erythrocytes/drug effects
MH  - Fresh Water/*chemistry
MH  - Hematocrit
MH  - Hemoglobins/metabolism
MH  - Lethal Dose 50
MH  - Moringa oleifera/*chemistry
MH  - Plant Extracts/*toxicity
MH  - Seeds/*chemistry
MH  - Toxicity Tests, Acute
MH  - Transaminases/blood
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity
MH  - Water Purification/methods
EDAT- 2011/02/02 06:00
MHDA- 2013/03/27 06:00
CRDT- 2011/02/02 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/11/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/01/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/02/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/02/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/03/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0940-2993(11)00002-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2012 Nov;64(7-8):681-7. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.001. Epub 
      2011 Feb 1.