PMID- 21284594
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110310
LR  - 20191112
IS  - 2162-6537 (Electronic)
IS  - 0731-8898 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 4
DP  - 2010
TI  - Postexposure prophylaxis for deadly bloodborne viral infections.
PG  - 293-315
AB  - The purpose of this report is to discuss management of operating room personnel 
      who have had occupational exposure to blood and other body fluids that might 
      contain hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency 
      virus (HIV), and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). HBV 
      postexposure prophylaxis includes starting hepatitis B vaccine series in any 
      susceptible unvaccinated operating room personnel who sustain an exposure to 
      blood or body fluid during surgery. Postexposure prophylaxis with hepatitis B 
      immune globulin (HBIG) is an important consideration after determining the 
      hepatitis B antigen status of the patient. Ideally, all operating room personnel 
      should be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine before they pursue their career in 
      surgery. Immune globulin and antiviral agents (eg, interferon with or without 
      ribavirin) should not be used for postexposure prophylaxis of operating room 
      personnel exposed to patients with HCV; rather, follow-up HCV testing should be 
      initiated to determine if infection develops. Postexposure prophylaxis for HIV 
      involves a basic four-week regimen of two drugs (zidovudine and lamivudine; 
      lamivudine and stavudine; or didanosine and stavudine) for most exposures. An 
      expanded regimen that includes a third drug must be considered for HIV exposures 
      that pose an increased risk for transmission. When developing a postexposure 
      prophylaxis regimen, it is helpful to contact the National Clinicians' 
      Postexposure Prophylaxis Hotline, (888) 448-4911. Prevention should be a major 
      consideration in postexposure prophylaxis with the use of the double-glove hole 
      indication system by all operating room personnel.
FAU - Edlich, Richard F
AU  - Edlich RF
AD  - Biomedical Engineering and Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health 
      System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. richardedlich@gmail.com
FAU - Gubler, K
AU  - Gubler K
FAU - Wallis, Anne G
AU  - Wallis AG
FAU - Clark, Jamie J
AU  - Clark JJ
FAU - Dahlstrom, Jill J
AU  - Dahlstrom JJ
FAU - Long, William B 3rd
AU  - Long WB 3rd
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol
JT  - Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of 
      the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer
JID - 8501420
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood-Borne Pathogens
MH  - HIV Infections/*prevention & control
MH  - HTLV-I Infections/*prevention & control
MH  - Hepatitis B/*prevention & control
MH  - Hepatitis C/*prevention & control
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control
MH  - Latex Hypersensitivity
MH  - Occupational Exposure
MH  - Operating Rooms
MH  - *Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
MH  - Workforce
EDAT- 2011/02/03 06:00
MHDA- 2011/03/11 06:00
CRDT- 2011/02/03 06:00
PHST- 2011/02/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/02/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/03/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - 794121941f886951,0784194726651bec [pii]
AID - 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v29.i4.30 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2010;29(4):293-315. doi: 
      10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v29.i4.30.