PMID- 21335216
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110531
LR  - 20110221
IS  - 1873-2623 (Electronic)
IS  - 0041-1345 (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 1
DP  - 2011 Jan-Feb
TI  - MicroRNAs as new tools for exploring type 1 diabetes: relevance for 
      immunomodulation and transplantation therapy.
PG  - 330-2
LID - 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.09.104 [doi]
AB  - Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a polygenic disorder where loci within the human 
      leukocyte antigen (HLA) account for most of the genetic susceptibility. 
      Nongenetic factors, most likely environmental, are also involved in the 
      pathogenesis of the disease, resulting in T-cell-mediated autoimmune attack 
      against pancreatic beta cells. Although our understanding of the natural history 
      of T1D has significantly improved during the last decades, the pathogenesis of 
      the disease remains elusive as are successful strategies for primary 
      intervention. Interesting findings are expected from the emerging field of 
      microRNAs (miRNAs), a family of endogenous small noncoding RNA molecules that 
      regulate gene expression. They play a key role in post-transcriptional regulation 
      by selectively binding complementary messenger RNAs, thus affecting translation. 
      miRNAs affect key biological processes including cell proliferation, 
      differentiation, development, and metabolism. In addition, miRNAs are also 
      involved in the regulation of the immune system and insulin secretion. 
      Interestingly, miRNAs have been identified in both normal and pathological 
      conditions, functioning as predictive markers in certain human diseases. Herein, 
      we have discussed the potential application of this new field to T1D. Research in 
      this area may help to identify variations in genes coding for selected miRNAs 
      that may contribute to diabetes susceptibility. In addition, mechanistic studies 
      on the role of miRNAs in the modulation of the immune system may elucidate 
      important regulatory mechanisms, identifying potential therapeutic targets to 
      ameliorate responses to islet transplantation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sebastiani, G
AU  - Sebastiani G
AD  - Diabetes Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences 
      and Biochemistry, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
FAU - Vendrame, F
AU  - Vendrame F
FAU - Dotta, F
AU  - Dotta F
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Transplant Proc
JT  - Transplantation proceedings
JID - 0243532
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (MicroRNAs)
SB  - IM
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology/*therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage
MH  - *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation
MH  - *MicroRNAs
EDAT- 2011/02/22 06:00
MHDA- 2011/06/01 06:00
CRDT- 2011/02/22 06:00
PHST- 2011/02/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/02/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/06/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0041-1345(10)01524-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.09.104 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Transplant Proc. 2011 Jan-Feb;43(1):330-2. doi: 
      10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.09.104.