PMID- 21343289
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110628
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1083-351X (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9258 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9258 (Linking)
VI  - 286
IP  - 15
DP  - 2011 Apr 15
TI  - A novel pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent amino acid racemase in the Aplysia 
      californica central nervous system.
PG  - 13765-74
LID - 10.1074/jbc.M110.178228 [doi]
AB  - D-aspartate (D-Asp) is found in specific neurons, transported to neuronal 
      terminals and released in a stimulation-dependent manner. Because D-Asp formation 
      is not well understood, determining its function has proved challenging. 
      Significant levels of D-Asp are present in the cerebral ganglion of the F- and 
      C-clusters of the invertebrate Aplysia californica, and D-Asp appears to be 
      involved in cell-cell communication in this system. Here, we describe a novel 
      protein, DAR1, from A. californica that can convert aspartate and serine to their 
      other chiral form in a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent manner. DAR1 has a 
      predicted length of 325 amino acids and is 55% identical to the bivalve aspartate 
      racemase, EC 5.1.1.13, and 41% identical to the mammalian serine racemase, EC 
      5.1.1.18. However, it is only 14% identical to the recently reported mammalian 
      aspartate racemase, DR, which is closely related to glutamate-oxaloacetate 
      transaminase, EC 2.6.1.1. Using whole-mount immunohistochemistry staining of the 
      A. californica central nervous system, we localized DAR1-like immunoreactivity to 
      the medial region of the cerebral ganglion where the F- and C-clusters are 
      situated. The biochemical and functional similarities between DAR1 and other 
      animal serine and aspartate racemases make it valuable for examining 
      PLP-dependent racemases, promising to increase our knowledge of enzyme regulation 
      and ultimately, D-serine and D-Asp signaling pathways.
FAU - Wang, Liping
AU  - Wang L
AD  - Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 
      Illinois 61801, USA.
FAU - Ota, Nobutoshi
AU  - Ota N
FAU - Romanova, Elena V
AU  - Romanova EV
FAU - Sweedler, Jonathan V
AU  - Sweedler JV
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 NS031609/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - NS031609/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20110222
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biol Chem
JT  - The Journal of biological chemistry
JID - 2985121R
RN  - 30KYC7MIAI (Aspartic Acid)
RN  - 452VLY9402 (Serine)
RN  - 5V5IOJ8338 (Pyridoxal Phosphate)
RN  - EC 5.1.1.- (Amino Acid Isomerases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Isomerases/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aplysia/*enzymology
MH  - Aspartic Acid/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Nervous System/*enzymology
MH  - Pyridoxal Phosphate/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Serine/genetics/*metabolism
PMC - PMC3075720
EDAT- 2011/02/24 06:00
MHDA- 2011/06/29 06:00
PMCR- 2012/04/15
CRDT- 2011/02/24 06:00
PHST- 2011/02/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/02/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/06/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/04/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0021-9258(20)51755-9 [pii]
AID - M110.178228 [pii]
AID - 10.1074/jbc.M110.178228 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 15;286(15):13765-74. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.178228. Epub 
      2011 Feb 22.