PMID- 21365005
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110901
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Feb 18
TI  - Inflammatory adipokines, high molecular weight adiponectin, and insulin 
      resistance: a population-based survey in prepubertal schoolchildren.
PG  - e17264
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0017264 [doi]
LID - e17264
AB  - BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences and 
      associations of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin and 
      proinflammatory adipokines, individually or in combinations, with adiposity and 
      insulin resistance (IR) measures in prepubertal childhood. METHODOLOGY: We 
      studied 305 prepubertal children (boys/girls: 144/161; Tanner stage 1; age: 5-13 
      yr), included in a cohort of 44,231 adolescents who participated in an extensive 
      Italian school-based survey. According to Cole's criteria, 105 individuals were 
      lean (L; boys/girls: 59/46), 60 overweight (OW; boys/girls: 32/28) and 140 obese 
      (OB; boys/girls: 70/70). Measurements comprised total and HMW adiponectin, 
      leptin, as well as a panel of proinflammatory adipokines/chemokines associated 
      with diabetes risk. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Leptin-, and the leptin-to-HMW 
      adiponectin ratio (L/HMW)-, increased progressively (p<0.0001) from L to OW to OB 
      boys and girls. When compared with L peers, OW and OB girls exhibited lower 
      (p<0.001) HMW adiponectin levels, while in boys the HMW multimers did not differ 
      significantly across the BMI-stratified groups. OB girls displayed higher 
      (p<0.05) IL-8, IL-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and soluble 
      intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels (sICAM-1) than L girls, whereas 
      increased macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) concentrations in OB vs OW 
      boys were seen. HMW adiponectin (negatively), leptin or inflammatory markers 
      (positively) correlated with adiposity and IR measures. In multivariate models, 
      leptin represented a strong and independent determinant of HOMA-IR (R(2) 0.378; 
      p<0.01). Adjustment for age, BMI(z-score), lipids and inflammatory mediators 
      abolished the association between leptin and HOMA-IR in boys, while in girls 
      leptin remained still a significant predictor of IR (R(2) 0.513; p<0.01). 
      Finally, in both sexes, the joint effect of the L/HMW did not improve the 
      prediction of basal IR as compared with leptin levels alone, which were mainly 
      explained by the BMI(z-score.) CONCLUSIONS: In prepubertal children, leptin 
      emerges as a sex-independent discrimination marker of adiposity degree and as a 
      useful, sex-associated predictor of the systemic insulin resistance.
FAU - Murdolo, Giuseppe
AU  - Murdolo G
AD  - Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of 
      Internal Medicine, Perugia University, Perugia, Italy. gmurdolo@tiscalinet.it
FAU - Nowotny, Bettina
AU  - Nowotny B
FAU - Celi, Federica
AU  - Celi F
FAU - Donati, Miranda
AU  - Donati M
FAU - Bini, Vittorio
AU  - Bini V
FAU - Papi, Francesco
AU  - Papi F
FAU - Gornitzka, Gabi
AU  - Gornitzka G
FAU - Castellani, Serena
AU  - Castellani S
FAU - Roden, Michael
AU  - Roden M
FAU - Falorni, Adriano
AU  - Falorni A
FAU - Herder, Christian
AU  - Herder C
FAU - Falorni, Alberto
AU  - Falorni A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110218
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (ADIPOQ protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Adipokines)
RN  - 0 (Adiponectin)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipokines/*blood
MH  - Adiponectin/blood/chemistry
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Surveys
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/*blood
MH  - Insulin Resistance/*physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Molecular Weight
MH  - Population
MH  - Puberty/blood/physiology
MH  - Schools
PMC - PMC3041818
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2011/03/03 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/02 06:00
PMCR- 2011/02/18
CRDT- 2011/03/03 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/01/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/03/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/02/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-10-03610 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0017264 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2011 Feb 18;6(2):e17264. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017264.