PMID- 21381054
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120523
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1099-1263 (Electronic)
IS  - 0260-437X (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Differential mRNA expression of neuroimmune markers in the hippocampus of infant 
      mice following toluene exposure during brain developmental period.
PG  - 126-34
LID - 10.1002/jat.1643 [doi]
AB  - Toluene, a volatile organic compound with a wide range of industrial 
      applications, can exert neurotoxic and immunotoxic effects. However, the effects 
      of toluene exposure on developmental immunotoxicity in the brain have not yet 
      been characterized. To investigate the susceptible window to toluene exposure 
      during development and the effects of fetal and neonatal toluene exposure on the 
      neuroimmune markers, gestational day (GD) 14 pregnant mice, postnatal day (PND) 2 
      and PND 8 male offspring were exposed to filtered air (control; 0 ppm), or 5 or 
      50 ppm toluene for 6 h per day for five consecutive days. The neuroimmune markers 
      in the hippocampus of PND 21 were examined using a real-time RT-PCR and 
      immunohistochemical analysis. Mice exposed to 50 ppm toluene on PND 2-6 showed 
      significantly increased levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and tumor necrosis 
      factor (TNF)-alpha mRNAs. In contrast, NGF and brain-derived neurotrophic factor 
      (BDNF) and proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, CCL3, NF-kappaB, toll-like receptor 
      (TLR)-4, astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and microglia 
      marker ionized calcium binding adapter molecule (Iba)-1 mRNAs were increased 
      significantly in mice exposed to 5 ppm toluene on PND 8-12. These results 
      indicate that low-level toluene exposure during the late postnatal period (PND 
      8-12) might induce neuroinflammatory mediators via TLR4-dependent NF-kappaB pathway 
      in the hippocampus of PND 21 male mice. Among the three developmental phases, PND 
      8-12 seems to be most sensitive to toluene exposure. This is the first study to 
      show developmental phase- and dose-specific changes in neuroimmune markers in 
      infant mice following toluene exposure.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Win-Shwe, Tin-Tin
AU  - Win-Shwe TT
AD  - National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 
      305-8506, Japan. tin.tin.win.shwe@nies.go.jp
FAU - Kunugita, Naoki
AU  - Kunugita N
FAU - Yoshida, Yasuhiro
AU  - Yoshida Y
FAU - Nakajima, Daisuke
AU  - Nakajima D
FAU - Tsukahara, Shinji
AU  - Tsukahara S
FAU - Fujimaki, Hidekazu
AU  - Fujimaki H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110305
PL  - England
TA  - J Appl Toxicol
JT  - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT
JID - 8109495
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Nerve Growth Factors)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
RN  - 0 (Toll-Like Receptor 4)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Cytokines/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
MH  - Gestational Age
MH  - Hippocampus/*drug effects/embryology/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C3H
MH  - NF-kappa B/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Nerve Growth Factors/genetics/metabolism
MH  - *Neuroimmunomodulation
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Solvents/toxicity
MH  - Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Toluene/*toxicity
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/metabolism
EDAT- 2011/03/08 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/24 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/08 06:00
PHST- 2010/09/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/11/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2010/11/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/03/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/jat.1643 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Appl Toxicol. 2012 Feb;32(2):126-34. doi: 10.1002/jat.1643. Epub 2011 Mar 5.