PMID- 21382474
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120813
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1873-6300 (Electronic)
IS  - 0891-0618 (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 4
DP  - 2011 Dec
TI  - Peripheral type of choline acetyltransferase: biological and evolutionary 
      implications for novel mechanisms in cholinergic system.
PG  - 225-35
LID - 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.02.005 [doi]
AB  - The peripheral type of choline acetyltransferase (pChAT) is an isoform of the 
      well-studied common type of choline acetyltransferase (cChAT), the synthesizing 
      enzyme of acetylcholine. Since pChAT arises by exons skipping, its amino acid 
      sequence is similar to that of cChAT, except the lack of a continuous peptide 
      sequence encoded by all the four exons from 6 to 9. While cChAT expression has 
      been observed in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, pChAT is 
      preferentially expressed in the peripheral nervous system. pChAT appears to be a 
      reliable marker for the visualization of peripheral cholinergic neurons and their 
      processes, whereas other conventional markers including cChAT have not been used 
      successfully for it. In mammals like rodents, pChAT immunoreactivity has been 
      observed in most, if not all, physiologically identified peripheral cholinergic 
      structures such as all parasympathetic postganglionic neurons and most neurons of 
      the enteric nervous system. In addition, pChAT has been found in many peripheral 
      neurons that are derived from the neural crest. These include sensory neurons of 
      the trigeminal ganglion and the dorsal root ganglion, and sympathetic 
      postganglionic neurons. Recent studies moreover indicate that pChAT, as well as 
      cChAT, appears ubiquitously expressed among various species not only of 
      vertebrate mammals but also of invertebrate mollusks. This finding implies that 
      the alternative splicing mechanism to generate pChAT and cChAT has been preserved 
      during evolution, probably for some functional benefits.
CI  - Copyright A(c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Bellier, J-P
AU  - Bellier JP
AD  - Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta 
      Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan. bellier@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
FAU - Kimura, H
AU  - Kimura H
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20110305
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chem Neuroanat
JT  - Journal of chemical neuroanatomy
JID - 8902615
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - EC 2.3.1.6 (Choline O-Acetyltransferase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biomarkers/metabolism
MH  - Choline O-Acetyltransferase/*biosynthesis/chemistry/*genetics
MH  - Cholinergic Neurons/*enzymology/physiology
MH  - *Evolution, Molecular
MH  - Humans
MH  - Peripheral Nerves/enzymology/physiology
MH  - Synaptic Transmission/physiology
EDAT- 2011/03/09 06:00
MHDA- 2012/08/14 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/09 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/02/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/02/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/03/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/08/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0891-0618(11)00021-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.02.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chem Neuroanat. 2011 Dec;42(4):225-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.02.005. 
      Epub 2011 Mar 5.