PMID- 21386059
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110729
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1522-1555 (Electronic)
IS  - 0193-1849 (Linking)
VI  - 300
IP  - 6
DP  - 2011 Jun
TI  - The separate and combined impact of the intestinal hormones, GIP, GLP-1, and 
      GLP-2, on glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes.
PG  - E1038-46
LID - 10.1152/ajpendo.00665.2010 [doi]
AB  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with reduced suppression of 
      glucagon during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), whereas isoglycemic 
      intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) results in normal glucagon suppression in 
      these patients. We examined the role of the intestinal hormones glucose-dependent 
      insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and 
      glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) in this discrepancy. Glucagon responses were 
      measured during a 3-h 50-g OGTT (day A) and an IIGI (day B) in 10 patients with 
      T2DM [age (mean +/- SE), 51 +/- 3 yr; body mass index, 33 +/- 2 kg/m(2); HbA(1c), 6.5 +/- 
      0.2%]. During four additional IIGIs, GIP (day C), GLP-1 (day D), GLP-2 (day E) 
      and a combination of the three (day F) were infused intravenously. Isoglycemia 
      during all six study days was obtained. As expected, no suppression of glucagon 
      occurred during the initial phase of the OGTT, whereas significantly (P < 0.05) 
      lower plasma levels of glucagon during the first 30 min of the IIGI (day B) were 
      observed. The glucagon response during the IIGI + GIP + GLP-1 + GLP-2 infusion 
      (day F) equaled the inappropriate glucagon response to OGTT (P = not 
      significant). The separate GIP infusion (day C) elicited significant 
      hypersecretion of glucagon, whereas GLP-1 infusion (day D) resulted in 
      enhancement of glucagon suppression during IIGI. IIGI + GLP-2 infusion (day E) 
      resulted in a glucagon response in the midrange between the glucagon responses to 
      OGTT and IIGI. Our results indicate that the intestinal hormones, GIP, GLP-1, and 
      GLP-2, may play a role in the inappropriate glucagon response to orally ingested 
      glucose in T2DM with, especially, GIP, acting to increase glucagon secretion.
FAU - Lund, Asger
AU  - Lund A
AD  - Diabetes Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine F, Gentofte Hospital, 
      Hellerup, Denmark.
FAU - Vilsboll, Tina
AU  - Vilsboll T
FAU - Bagger, Jonatan I
AU  - Bagger JI
FAU - Holst, Jens J
AU  - Holst JJ
FAU - Knop, Filip K
AU  - Knop FK
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110308
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
JT  - American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
JID - 100901226
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (C-Peptide)
RN  - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 2)
RN  - 0 (Incretins)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Peptides)
RN  - 59392-49-3 (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide)
RN  - 89750-14-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1)
RN  - 9007-92-5 (Glucagon)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - C-Peptide/blood
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide/*pharmacology
MH  - Glucagon/*metabolism
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/*pharmacology
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide 2/*pharmacology
MH  - Glucose Tolerance Test
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incretins/blood
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Peptides/pharmacology
EDAT- 2011/03/10 06:00
MHDA- 2011/07/30 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/10 06:00
PHST- 2011/03/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/07/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - ajpendo.00665.2010 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/ajpendo.00665.2010 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jun;300(6):E1038-46. doi: 
      10.1152/ajpendo.00665.2010. Epub 2011 Mar 8.