PMID- 21411606
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110718
LR  - 20230216
IS  - 1541-6100 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3166 (Print)
IS  - 0022-3166 (Linking)
VI  - 141
IP  - 5
DP  - 2011 May
TI  - Vitamin A modifies the intestinal chemokine and cytokine responses to norovirus 
      infection in Mexican children.
PG  - 957-63
LID - 10.3945/jn.110.132134 [doi]
AB  - Vitamin A supplementation is associated with divergent clinical norovirus (NoV) 
      outcomes in Mexican children. Fecal cytokine concentrations following NoV 
      genogroup infections among 127 Mexican children 5-15 mo old enrolled in a 
      randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, vitamin A supplementation trial 
      were determined to clarify the role the gut immune response plays in these 
      associations. Stools collected from supplemented children [20,000 IU retinol (3.3 
      IU = 1 mug retinol) for children < 12 mo of age; 45,000 iu for children >/= 12 mo] 
      or children in the placebo group were screened for NoV genogroups I (GI) and II 
      (GII). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), TNFalpha, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, 
      IFNgamma, and IL-10 fecal concentrations were also determined. Differences in 
      cytokine levels between the 2 groups following GI and GII infections were 
      determined using ordered logistic regression models. MCP-1 and IL-8 levels were 
      greater among GI- and GII-infected children, respectively, compared with 
      uninfected children, whereas IL-5 levels were greater following both genogroup 
      infections. MCP-1, IL-8, and IL-6 fecal levels were reduced among supplemented 
      children with GII-associated diarrhea compared with the placebo group. Vitamin 
      A-supplemented, GII-infected children had reduced MCP-1 and TNFalpha levels compared 
      with GII-infected children in the placebo group (P-interaction = 0.02 and 0.03, 
      respectively). Supplemented children with GI-associated diarrhea had higher TNFalpha 
      and IL-4 levels compared with children in the placebo group with diarrhea 
      (P-interaction = 0.02 and 0.02, respectively). The divergent effects of 
      supplementation on NoV outcomes may result from the different effects vitamin A 
      has on the genogroup-specific immune responses.
FAU - Long, Kurt Z
AU  - Long KZ
AD  - The University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Nutrition, 
      Environmental Health and Disease and Injury Control Unit, Herston, Qld 4006, 
      Australia. k.long@uq.edu.au
FAU - Garcia, Coralith
AU  - Garcia C
FAU - Ko, GwangPyo
AU  - Ko G
FAU - Santos, Jose I
AU  - Santos JI
FAU - Al Mamun, Abdullah
AU  - Al Mamun A
FAU - Rosado, Jorge L
AU  - Rosado JL
FAU - DuPont, Herbert L
AU  - DuPont HL
FAU - Nathakumar, Nanda
AU  - Nathakumar N
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 DK043351/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K01 DK06142-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110316
PL  - United States
TA  - J Nutr
JT  - The Journal of nutrition
JID - 0404243
RN  - 0 (Chemokines)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 11103-57-4 (Vitamin A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptive Immunity
MH  - Caliciviridae Infections/immunology/*prevention & control
MH  - Chemokines/*analysis/immunology
MH  - Cytokines/*analysis/immunology
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Feces/chemistry/microbiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Gastroenteritis/immunology/prevention & control
MH  - *Host-Pathogen Interactions
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunity, Innate
MH  - Immunomodulation
MH  - Infant
MH  - Intestines/*immunology/microbiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Mexico
MH  - Norovirus/classification/immunology/isolation & purification/*physiology
MH  - Vitamin A/*therapeutic use
MH  - Vitamin A Deficiency/immunology/prevention & control
PMC - PMC3078020
COIS- Author disclosures: K. Z. Long, C. Garcia, G. P. Ko, J. I. Santos, A. Al Mamun, 
      J. L. Rosado, H. L. DuPont, and N. Nanthakumar, no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2011/03/18 06:00
MHDA- 2011/07/19 06:00
PMCR- 2012/05/01
CRDT- 2011/03/18 06:00
PHST- 2011/03/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/07/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0022-3166(22)02569-X [pii]
AID - 132134 [pii]
AID - 10.3945/jn.110.132134 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr. 2011 May;141(5):957-63. doi: 10.3945/jn.110.132134. Epub 2011 Mar 16.