PMID- 21411610
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110718
LR  - 20230216
IS  - 1541-6100 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3166 (Linking)
VI  - 141
IP  - 5
DP  - 2011 May
TI  - Carbohydrate ingestion during endurance exercise improves performance in adults.
PG  - 890-7
LID - 10.3945/jn.110.137075 [doi]
AB  - This study was a systematic review with meta-analysis examining the efficacy of 
      carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion compared with placebo (PLA) on endurance exercise 
      performance in adults. Relevant databases were searched to January 2011. Included 
      studies were PLA-controlled, randomized, crossover designs in which CHO ingestion 
      not exceeding 8% and between 30 and 80 g/h during exercise of >/=1 h was evaluated 
      via time trial (TT) or exercise time to exhaustion (TTE). The between-trial 
      standardized mean differences [effect size (ES)] and pooled estimates of the 
      effect of CHO ingestion were calculated. Of the 41,175 studies from the initial 
      search, 50 were included. The ES for submaximal exercise followed by TT was 
      significant (ES = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.37-0.69; P < 0.001) as was the ES for TT (ES = 
      0.30; 95% CI = 0.07-0.53; P = 0.011). The weighted mean improvement in exercise 
      performance favored CHO ingestion (7.5 and 2.0%, respectively). TTE (ES = 0.47; 
      95% CI = 0.32-0.62; P < 0.001) and submaximal exercise followed by TTE (ES = 
      0.44; 95% CI = 0.08-0.80; P = 0.017) also showed significant effects, with 
      weighted mean improvements of 15.1 and 54.2%, respectively, with CHO ingestion. 
      Similar trends were evident for subanalyses of studies using only male or trained 
      participants, for exercise of 1-3 h duration, and where CHO and PLA beverages 
      were matched for electrolyte content. The data support that ingestion of CHO 
      between 30 and 80 g/h enhances endurance exercise performance in adults.
FAU - Temesi, John
AU  - Temesi J
AD  - Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University 
      of Sydney, Sydney 1825, Australia.
FAU - Johnson, Nathan A
AU  - Johnson NA
FAU - Raymond, Jacqueline
AU  - Raymond J
FAU - Burdon, Catriona A
AU  - Burdon CA
FAU - O'Connor, Helen T
AU  - O'Connor HT
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20110316
PL  - United States
TA  - J Nutr
JT  - The Journal of nutrition
JID - 0404243
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Performance-Enhancing Substances)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Athletic Performance
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*therapeutic use
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - *Exercise
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Performance-Enhancing Substances/therapeutic use
MH  - *Physical Endurance
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
EDAT- 2011/03/18 06:00
MHDA- 2011/07/19 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/18 06:00
PHST- 2011/03/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/07/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-3166(22)02591-3 [pii]
AID - 10.3945/jn.110.137075 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr. 2011 May;141(5):890-7. doi: 10.3945/jn.110.137075. Epub 2011 Mar 16.