PMID- 21421075
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120504
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1873-0329 (Electronic)
IS  - 1383-5769 (Linking)
VI  - 60
IP  - 3
DP  - 2011 Sep
TI  - In vitro antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of essential oil from Lippia 
      sidoides Cham.
PG  - 237-41
LID - 10.1016/j.parint.2011.03.004 [doi]
AB  - Leishmaniasis is a widespread tropical infection caused by different species of 
      Leishmania protozoa. There is no vaccine available for Leishmania infections and 
      conventional treatments are very toxic to the patients. Therefore, 
      antileishmanial drugs are urgently needed. In this study we have analyzed the 
      effects of essential oils from Lippia sidoides (LSEO) and its major compound 
      thymol on the growth, viability and ultrastructure of Leishmania amazonensis. The 
      essential oil and thymol showed significant activity against promastigote forms 
      of L. amazonensis, with IC(50)/48 h of 44.38 and 19.47 mug/mL respectively. 
      However, thymol showed toxicity against peritoneal macrophages and low 
      selectivity against the promastigotes when compared with the crude LSEO. On the 
      other hand, no cytotoxic effect was observed in macrophages treated with the 
      crude essential oil. Incubation of L. amazonensis-infected macrophages with LSEO 
      showed a marked reduction in amastigote survival within the macrophages. 
      Significant morphological alterations as accumulation of large lipid droplets in 
      the cytoplasm, disrupted membrane and wrinkled cells were usually seen in treated 
      parasites. The LSEO's activity against both promastigote and the amstigote forms 
      of L. amazonensis, together with its low toxicity to mammalian cells, point to 
      LSEO as a promising agent for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - de Medeiros, Maria das Gracas Freire
AU  - de Medeiros Md
AD  - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biotecnologia-RENORBIO, Universidade Federal do 
      Piaui, Brazil.
FAU - da Silva, Aline Caroline
AU  - da Silva AC
FAU - Cito, Antonia Maria das Gracas Lopes
AU  - Cito AM
FAU - Borges, Andrezza Raposo
AU  - Borges AR
FAU - de Lima, Sidney Goncalo
AU  - de Lima SG
FAU - Lopes, Jose Arimateia Dantas
AU  - Lopes JA
FAU - Figueiredo, Regina Celia Bressan Queiroz
AU  - Figueiredo RC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110321
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Parasitol Int
JT  - Parasitology international
JID - 9708549
RN  - 0 (Antiprotozoal Agents)
RN  - 0 (Oils, Volatile)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 3J50XA376E (Thymol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antiprotozoal Agents/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inhibitory Concentration 50
MH  - Leishmania/*drug effects/growth & development/ultrastructure
MH  - Leishmaniasis/*drug therapy
MH  - Lippia/*chemistry
MH  - Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects/parasitology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Oils, Volatile/chemistry/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Parasitic Sensitivity Tests
MH  - Plant Components, Aerial/chemistry
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Thymol/isolation & purification/pharmacology
EDAT- 2011/03/23 06:00
MHDA- 2012/05/05 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/23 06:00
PHST- 2011/01/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/02/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/03/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/03/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/05/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1383-5769(11)00027-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.parint.2011.03.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Parasitol Int. 2011 Sep;60(3):237-41. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2011.03.004. Epub 
      2011 Mar 21.