PMID- 21435795
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110915
LR  - 20110513
IS  - 1532-2777 (Electronic)
IS  - 0306-9877 (Linking)
VI  - 76
IP  - 6
DP  - 2011 Jun
TI  - Circumstantial evidence for a role of glutamine-synthetase in suicide.
PG  - 905-7
LID - 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.03.005 [doi]
AB  - Suicide occurs during depression, schizophrenia, diabetes and epilepsy. A common 
      denominator of these disorders is the presence of inflammation. Inflammatory 
      cytokines affect function and expression of the glial enzyme glutamine synthetase 
      and post mortem studies indicate that brain glutamine synthetase function is 
      suppressed in mood disorders and epilepsy. In a study of schizophrenia brains, 
      the expression of glutamine synthetase was reduced in those cases where the cause 
      of death was suicide. The glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor, lithium, 
      which has a proven efficacy against suicide, increased in an animal experiment 
      the expression of glutamine synthetase. Based on these data one could reason that 
      suicide may be prevented by centrally acting GSK3 inhibitors. However, since 
      inhibition of glutamine synthetase may lead to a deficit in glutamine and as 
      consequence a GABA and glutamate deficit, even simple food supplementation with 
      glutamine might help to reduce suicide.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Kalkman, Hans O
AU  - Kalkman HO
AD  - Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research Basel, 
      WSJ386.11.40, Postfach, CH4002 Basel, Switzerland. hans.kalkman@novartis.com
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20110323
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Hypotheses
JT  - Medical hypotheses
JID - 7505668
RN  - 0 (Lithium Compounds)
RN  - EC 6.3.1.2 (Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lithium Compounds/pharmacology
MH  - Mood Disorders/enzymology
MH  - *Suicide
EDAT- 2011/03/26 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/16 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/26 06:00
PHST- 2010/09/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/12/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/03/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/03/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0306-9877(11)00107-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.03.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Hypotheses. 2011 Jun;76(6):905-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.03.005. Epub 2011 
      Mar 23.