PMID- 21445699
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110805
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1538-2443 (Electronic)
IS  - 1355-0284 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Apr
TI  - Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an HIV patient receiving successful 
      long-term HAART.
PG  - 196-9
LID - 10.1007/s13365-011-0020-y [doi]
AB  - Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has been traditionally 
      associated to severe immunosuppression and described mainly in highly active 
      antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-naive patients with a low lymphocyte CD4+ count. 
      In the last years, some cases of PML have been described in HIV patients with a 
      higher CD4+ count shortly after initiation of HAART and in association with the 
      immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We report on a rare case of 
      PML, not IRIS associated, that occurred in a HIV-positive patient with a 
      lymphocyte CD4+ count greater than 700/microl and with an undetectable HIV viral load 
      resulting from a long-term HAART. We describe the pathological and the 
      ultrastructural features of the brain lesion. This case confirms that a severe 
      immunosuppression or an IRIS is not required for the development of PML in HIV 
      positives. The diagnosis of PML should always be considered in patients with 
      consistent neurological symptoms, even with a high lymphocyte CD4+ level and a 
      full viral suppression resulting from a long-term HAART.
FAU - Mascarello, Marta
AU  - Mascarello M
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. 
      martamasca@yahoo.it
FAU - Lanzafame, Massimiliano
AU  - Lanzafame M
FAU - Lattuada, Emanuela
AU  - Lattuada E
FAU - Concia, Ercole
AU  - Concia E
FAU - Ferrari, Sergio
AU  - Ferrari S
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20110329
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neurovirol
JT  - Journal of neurovirology
JID - 9508123
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/drug therapy/*pathology/virology
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/*administration & dosage/therapeutic use
MH  - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
MH  - Brain/*pathology/ultrastructure/*virology
MH  - CD4 Lymphocyte Count
MH  - DNA, Viral/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - HIV/drug effects/growth & development
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppression Therapy
MH  - Italy
MH  - JC Virus/pathogenicity
MH  - Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/drug 
      therapy/etiology/*pathology/virology
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Viral Load
EDAT- 2011/03/30 06:00
MHDA- 2011/08/06 06:00
CRDT- 2011/03/30 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/02/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/02/14 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/03/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/03/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/08/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s13365-011-0020-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurovirol. 2011 Apr;17(2):196-9. doi: 10.1007/s13365-011-0020-y. Epub 2011 Mar 
      29.