PMID- 21478949 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20110930 LR - 20211020 IS - 1520-8532 (Electronic) IS - 1084-7529 (Print) IS - 1084-7529 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 4 DP - 2011 Apr 1 TI - Three-dimensional imaging by partially coherent light under nonparaxial condition. PG - 554-9 LID - 10.1364/JOSAA.28.000554 [doi] AB - In this paper, we present the theory of three-dimensional (3D) imaging using partially coherent light under the nonparaxial condition. Using the linear system approach, we derive the image intensity in terms of the 3D nonparaxial transmission cross coefficient (TCC) and the transmission function defined in this paper. We present that the 3D TCC can be calculated by multiple applications of the 3D fast Fourier transform instead of the six-dimensional integral in the original formula. Using the simplified formula, we simulate phase contrast and Nomarski differential interference contrast (DIC) imaging of a transparent 3D object. Within our knowledge, the 3D model for the DIC based on the 3D nonparaxial TCC is the most rigorous approach that has been suggested. It demonstrates clearly the optical sectioning effect of DIC. CI - (c) 2011 Optical Society of America FAU - Sung, Yongjin AU - Sung Y AD - G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. FAU - Sheppard, Colin J R AU - Sheppard CJ LA - eng GR - P41 RR002594/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States GR - P41-RR02594-18/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PL - United States TA - J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis JT - Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision JID - 9800943 SB - IM MH - Imaging, Three-Dimensional/*methods MH - *Light MH - Models, Theoretical PMC - PMC3347766 MID - NIHMS371990 EDAT- 2011/04/12 06:00 MHDA- 2011/10/01 06:00 PMCR- 2012/05/08 CRDT- 2011/04/12 06:00 PHST- 2011/04/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2011/04/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2011/10/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2012/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 210741 [pii] AID - 10.1364/JOSAA.28.000554 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2011 Apr 1;28(4):554-9. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.28.000554.