PMID- 21484496
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111031
LR  - 20240314
IS  - 1776-260X (Electronic)
IS  - 1776-2596 (Print)
IS  - 1776-2596 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 1
DP  - 2011 Mar
TI  - Future directions of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor therapy in 
      renal cell carcinoma.
PG  - 5-16
LID - 10.1007/s11523-011-0172-y [doi]
AB  - With an explosion of available treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma 
      (mRCC) in recent years, it is important to recognize that approved targeted 
      therapies fall broadly into only two mechanistic categories. The first category, 
      vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-directed therapies, includes sunitinib, 
      pazopanib, sorafenib and bevacizumab. The second category includes inhibitors of 
      the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), namely everolimus and temsirolimus. A 
      pivotal trial of everolimus supports use of the agent in patients with mRCC 
      refractory to VEGF- tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therapy, while pivotal data 
      for temsirolimus supports use in poor-prognosis patients as first-line therapy. 
      Multiple reviews exist to delineate the laboratory and clinical development of 
      mTOR inhibitors. This paper will outline the future applications of these 
      therapies. It will explore ongoing trials evaluating combinations of mTOR 
      inhibitors with other targeted therapies, along with sequencing strategies and 
      biomarker discovery efforts. The application of mTOR inhibitors in unique 
      populations is also described.
FAU - Pal, Sumanta Kumar
AU  - Pal SK
AD  - Division of Genitourinary Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology & 
      Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, 
      CA, USA. spal@coh.org
FAU - Figlin, Robert A
AU  - Figlin RA
LA  - eng
GR  - K12 CA001727/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K12 CA001727-18/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 2K12CA001727-16A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20110412
PL  - France
TA  - Target Oncol
JT  - Targeted oncology
JID - 101270595
RN  - 0 (Antibiotics, Antineoplastic)
RN  - 624KN6GM2T (temsirolimus)
RN  - 9HW64Q8G6G (Everolimus)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
RN  - W36ZG6FT64 (Sirolimus)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Carcinoma, Renal Cell/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Everolimus
MH  - Humans
MH  - Kidney Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Molecular Targeted Therapy
MH  - Sirolimus/administration & dosage/*analogs & 
      derivatives/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors
PMC - PMC3253822
MID - NIHMS325845
COIS- Conflict of interest statement Dr. Pal receives honoraria from Pfizer, Novartis, 
      GSK and Sanofi-Aventis, consulting fees from Genentech and Novartis. Dr. Figlin 
      receives consulting fees from Onyx, GSK and Pfizer, and receives research support 
      from Novartis, Pfizer and GSK.
EDAT- 2011/04/13 06:00
MHDA- 2011/11/01 06:00
PMCR- 2012/04/12
CRDT- 2011/04/13 06:00
PHST- 2010/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/03/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/04/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/04/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/11/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s11523-011-0172-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Target Oncol. 2011 Mar;6(1):5-16. doi: 10.1007/s11523-011-0172-y. Epub 2011 Apr 
      12.