PMID- 21491687
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110610
LR  - 20191112
IS  - 1464-0333 (Electronic)
IS  - 1464-0325 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 5
DP  - 2010 May
TI  - Fungal spores from Pleosporales in the atmosphere of urban and rural locations in 
      Portugal.
PG  - 1187-94
AB  - Fungal spores are a significant fraction of the atmospheric bioparticles 
      (bioaerosols) and many species are capable of inducing the production of specific 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE), aggravating the clinical symptoms of allergic respiratory 
      diseases in sensitized individuals. The aim of this work was to evaluate the 
      distribution of potentially allergenic Pleosporales spores in two locations with 
      different urbanization indexes, characterizing its seasonal pattern. The seasonal 
      distribution of several spore types belonging to the Pleosporales (Alternaria, 
      Drechslera, Epicoccum, Paraphaeosphaeria, Pithomyces, Pleospora and Stemphylium) 
      in Amares (rural area) and Porto (urban area) was continually studied from 
      January 2005 to December of 2007, using Hirst-type volumetric spore traps. 
      Alternaria was the most abundant fungal spore type found in the atmosphere of 
      Amares and Porto. This fungal type, together with Drechslera, Epicoccum, 
      Pithomyces and Stemphylium, was mainly present during summer. Nevertheless, 
      Leptosphaeria, Pleospora and Venturia spores were detected during winter and 
      spring, while Paraphaeosphaeria spores were also observed during summer and 
      autumn. These different seasonal patterns were responsible for the expansion of 
      the exposure period for the Alt a 1 allergen. The concentration of the studied 
      spore types was higher in the rural area than in the urban one, with exception 
      for Pleospora and Drechslera. According to the correlations with meteorological 
      factors, the selected fungal spores can be divided into two groups: (i) 
      Alternaria, Drechslera, Epicoccum, Pithomyces and Stemphylium presented positive 
      correlations with temperature and negative correlations with relative humidity 
      and rainfall; (ii) Leptosphaeria, Paraphaeosphaeria, Pleospora and Venturia 
      presented a contrary behavior. Usually, the occurrence of the Alt a 1 allergen 
      has been associated with the presence of airborne Alternaria spores; the present 
      work follows the seasonal distribution of other fungal spore species known to 
      contain this molecule. The widespread occurrence of Alt a 1 plays an important 
      role in the incidence and aggravation of allergic disorders.
FAU - Oliveira, Manuela
AU  - Oliveira M
AD  - Environment, Society and Education Group, Geology Centre, University of Porto & 
      Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Edificio FC4, Rua 
      do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
FAU - Delgado, Luis
AU  - Delgado L
FAU - Ribeiro, Helena
AU  - Ribeiro H
FAU - Abreu, Ilda
AU  - Abreu I
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - J Environ Monit
JT  - Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM
JID - 100968688
RN  - 0 (ALTA1 protein, Alternaria alternata)
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Plant)
RN  - 0 (Fungal Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Air Microbiology
MH  - Air Pollutants/analysis/immunology
MH  - Allergens/analysis/immunology
MH  - Alternaria/*immunology
MH  - Antigens, Plant/analysis
MH  - Ascomycota/*immunology
MH  - Colony Count, Microbial
MH  - Fungal Proteins/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/*epidemiology/immunology
MH  - Portugal/epidemiology
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Spores, Fungal/*isolation & purification
MH  - Urbanization
MH  - Weather
EDAT- 2011/04/16 06:00
MHDA- 2011/06/11 06:00
CRDT- 2011/04/15 06:00
PHST- 2011/04/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/04/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/06/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1039/b913705j [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Environ Monit. 2010 May;12(5):1187-94. doi: 10.1039/b913705j.