PMID- 21540071
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110926
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1873-6351 (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-6915 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 8
DP  - 2011 Aug
TI  - In utero and lactational beta-carotene supplementation attenuates 
      D-galactose-induced hearing loss in newborn rats.
PG  - 1697-704
LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2011.04.009 [doi]
AB  - D-Galactose could give rise to free radical damage by disturbing the some 
      maternal antioxidants. The oxidative stress induced by D-galactose is a potent 
      inducer of apoptosis, which is accompanied by the activation of protein-splitting 
      enzymes called caspases. Apoptosis is a crucial physiological determinant of 
      embryonic and neonatal development, and play an essential role in the development 
      of the inner ear structures. Recently the increasing of D-galactose exposure is 
      due to high consumption of dairy foods or reduced galactose metabolism. An 
      overwhelming presence of D-galactose is known to become highly ototoxicity to 
      humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether supplementation of 
      pregnant and lactational mothers with beta-carotene could attenuate cochlear 
      function damage and hair cells apoptosis induced by d-galactose in newborn rats. 
      Pregnant rats were supplemented with D-galactose, or D-galactose and beta-carotene 
      from gestational day (GD) 7 until postnatal day (PND) 21. On PND 22, offspring 
      were examined in the distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) task, 
      cochleae were then harvested for assessment of apoptosis by immunohistochemical 
      stain for cysteine-aspartic acid proteases 3 (caspase-3) and terminal 
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. 
      Maternal and offspring blood samples were then collected by direct cardiac 
      puncture in heparin tubes, blood levels of D-galactose and beta-carotene were 
      measured, plasma was separated for malondialdehyde (MDA) analysis, erythrocytes 
      were left for superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and 
      glutathione (GSH). D-Galactose could significantly disturb the balance between 
      maternal antioxidants and free radicals, and induce hearing loss in the offspring 
      and cochlear hair cell apoptosis. In contrast, beta-carotene supplementation, 
      coincidentally with D-galactose exposure, ameliorated these changes. Our data 
      offer a conceptual framework for designing clinical trials using a safe 
      micronutrient, beta-carotene, as a simple preventive strategy for 
      D-galactose-induced ototoxicity.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Yu, Fei
AU  - Yu F
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical 
      University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
FAU - Hao, Shuai
AU  - Hao S
FAU - Zhao, Yue
AU  - Zhao Y
FAU - Yang, Hui
AU  - Yang H
FAU - Fan, Xiao-Lan
AU  - Fan XL
FAU - Yang, Jun
AU  - Yang J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110419
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem Toxicol
JT  - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British 
      Industrial Biological Research Association
JID - 8207483
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Caspase Inhibitors)
RN  - 01YAE03M7J (beta Carotene)
RN  - 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde)
RN  - EC 1.11.1.9 (Glutathione Peroxidase)
RN  - EC 1.15.1.1 (Superoxide Dismutase)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Casp3 protein, rat)
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
RN  - X2RN3Q8DNE (Galactose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Animals, Suckling
MH  - Antioxidants/pharmacology
MH  - Apoptosis
MH  - Caspase 3/metabolism
MH  - Caspase Inhibitors
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Female
MH  - Galactose/*toxicity
MH  - Glutathione/blood
MH  - Glutathione Peroxidase/blood
MH  - Hearing Loss/*chemically induced/*drug therapy
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - In Situ Nick-End Labeling
MH  - Lactation
MH  - Lipid Peroxidation
MH  - Male
MH  - Malondialdehyde/blood
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Superoxide Dismutase/blood
MH  - beta Carotene/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2011/05/05 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2011/05/05 06:00
PHST- 2010/09/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/12/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/04/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/05/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/05/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0278-6915(11)00145-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2011.04.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Aug;49(8):1697-704. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.04.009. Epub 
      2011 Apr 19.