PMID- 21540102
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111230
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1872-7573 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 136
IP  - 1
DP  - 2011 Jun 14
TI  - Hepatoprotective effects of lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): a combination of 
      antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities.
PG  - 55-66
LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.061 [doi]
AB  - AIM OF THE STUDY: Gimjeng and Chakapat lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) were 
      evaluated for hepatoprotective activity on CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. 
      MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fruit pulp extracts of the lychees were examined for 
      vitamin C, phenolic contents, anti-lipid peroxidation activity and 
      hepatoprotective effect. Male Wistar albino rats were intraperitoneally injected 
      (ip) with CCl(4) (2 ml/kg), then were orally administered (po) with silymarin 
      (100mg/kg), and Gimjeng or Chakapat extracts (100 and 500 mg/kg). After ten days, 
      the rats were sacrificed and their livers were examined histopathologically and 
      immunohistochemically. Their serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, 
      glutamate-oxalate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were 
      analyzed. Apoptotic activity of the livers was assessed quantitatively. RESULTS: 
      The Gimjeng and Chakapat extracts showed the contents of vitamin C (1.2+/-0.6 and 
      4.3+/-0.1mg/100g) and phenolics like trans-cinnamic acid and 
      pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (9.80+/-0.21 and 19.56+/-0.4 mg GAE/g extract, 
      respectively), and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values (11.64 
      and 9.09 g/mg trolox), respectively. The Gimjeng as compared to the Chakapat 
      demonstrated a better antioxidant activity as revealed by anti-lipid peroxidation 
      activity with the TEAC values. Administration of CCl(4) in rats elevated the 
      serum GPT, GOT, and ALP level whereas silymarin, Gimjeng and Chakapat extracts 
      prevented these increases significantly. Significant decrease of apoptotic cells 
      together with restoration of morphological changes confirmed the hepatoprotective 
      effect in the CCl(4)-induced rats pretreated with the extracts. CONCLUSION: 
      Antioxidant properties of the Gimjeng and Chakapat lychees as evidenced by the 
      vitamin C and phenolic compounds, anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-apoptosis 
      could explain the hepatoprotective effects in CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Bhoopat, Lertlakana
AU  - Bhoopat L
AD  - Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 
      Thailand. lbhoopat@med.cmu.ac.th
FAU - Srichairatanakool, Somdet
AU  - Srichairatanakool S
FAU - Kanjanapothi, Duangta
AU  - Kanjanapothi D
FAU - Taesotikul, Tawat
AU  - Taesotikul T
FAU - Thananchai, Hathairat
AU  - Thananchai H
FAU - Bhoopat, Tanin
AU  - Bhoopat T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110420
PL  - Ireland
TA  - J Ethnopharmacol
JT  - Journal of ethnopharmacology
JID - 7903310
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - 0 (Phenols)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Silymarin)
RN  - CL2T97X0V0 (Carbon Tetrachloride)
RN  - EC 2.6.1.- (Transaminases)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase)
RN  - PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alkaline Phosphatase/blood
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antioxidants/analysis/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Apoptosis/*drug effects
MH  - Ascorbic Acid/analysis/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Carbon Tetrachloride
MH  - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/blood/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Fruit
MH  - Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
MH  - Litchi/*chemistry
MH  - Liver/*drug effects/enzymology/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Phenols/analysis/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - *Phytotherapy
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Silymarin/pharmacology
MH  - Transaminases/blood
EDAT- 2011/05/05 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/31 06:00
CRDT- 2011/05/05 06:00
PHST- 2010/11/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/03/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/03/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/05/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/05/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-8741(11)00212-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.061 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jun 14;136(1):55-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.061. Epub 
      2011 Apr 20.