PMID- 21543471 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20110915 LR - 20211020 IS - 1098-5514 (Electronic) IS - 0022-538X (Print) IS - 0022-538X (Linking) VI - 85 IP - 14 DP - 2011 Jul TI - Heliothis zea nudivirus 1 gene hhi1 induces apoptosis which is blocked by the Hz-iap2 gene and a noncoding gene, pag1. PG - 6856-66 LID - 10.1128/JVI.01843-10 [doi] AB - Heliothis zea nudivirus 1 (HzNV-1 or Hz-1 virus), previously regarded as a nonoccluded baculovirus, recently has been placed in the Nudivirus genus. This virus generates HzNV-1 HindIII-I 1 (hhi1) and many other transcripts during productive viral infection; during latent viral infection, however, persistency-associated gene 1 (pag1) is the only gene expressed. In this report, we used transient expression assays to show that hhi1 can trigger strong apoptosis in transfected cells, which can be blocked, at least partially, by the inhibitor of apoptosis genes Autographa californica iap2 (Ac-iap2) and H. zea iap2 (Hz-iap2). In addition to these two genes, unexpectedly, pag1, which encodes a noncoding RNA with no detectable protein product, was found to efficiently suppress hhi1-induced apoptosis. The assay of pro-Sf-caspase-1 processing by hhi1 transfection did not detect the small P12 subunit at any of the time intervals tested, suggesting that hhi1 of HzNV-1 induces apoptosis through alternative caspase pathways. FAU - Wu, Yueh-Lung AU - Wu YL AD - Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, No. 12, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan. FAU - Wu, Carol P AU - Wu CP FAU - Liu, Catherine Y Y AU - Liu CY FAU - Lee, Song-Tay AU - Lee ST FAU - Lee, Hsiao-Ping AU - Lee HP FAU - Chao, Yu-Chan AU - Chao YC LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20110504 PL - United States TA - J Virol JT - Journal of virology JID - 0113724 RN - 0 (DNA Primers) RN - 0 (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Apoptosis/*physiology MH - Base Sequence MH - Cell Line MH - DNA Primers MH - *Genes, Viral MH - In Situ Nick-End Labeling MH - Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/*genetics MH - Nucleopolyhedroviruses/*genetics MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Spodoptera PMC - PMC3126586 EDAT- 2011/05/06 06:00 MHDA- 2011/09/16 06:00 PMCR- 2012/01/01 CRDT- 2011/05/06 06:00 PHST- 2011/05/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2011/05/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2011/09/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2012/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JVI.01843-10 [pii] AID - 1843-10 [pii] AID - 10.1128/JVI.01843-10 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Virol. 2011 Jul;85(14):6856-66. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01843-10. Epub 2011 May 4.