PMID- 21548847
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111215
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1939-6376 (Electronic)
IS  - 1939-6368 (Linking)
VI  - 57
IP  - 4
DP  - 2011 Aug
TI  - Seminal molecular markers as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for the evaluation of 
      spermatogenesis in non-obstructive azoospermia.
PG  - 190-6
LID - 10.3109/19396368.2011.569906 [doi]
AB  - Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is currently evaluated by the use of 
      conventional histopathological methods. In some cases, focal spermatogenesis is 
      present in the testes of patients with NOA which may be almost undetectable by 
      routine histopathological examinations. Application of molecular markers in semen 
      to predict the spermatogenesis status in the testis will emphasize the 
      probability of finding sperm in NOA testis through further search using TESE or 
      mTESE. Detection of germ cell-specific transcripts in semen is a signal of germ 
      cells present in the testis. In this study, we used molecular methods to evaluate 
      spermatogenesis status in azoospermic men. Semen samples were collected from 203 
      men with azoospermia. Total RNA was extracted from the semen precipitates. 
      First-strand complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) was synthesized by 
      reverse transcriptase then, (RT)-PCRs were carried out using primers for testis 
      stage-specific genes (DAZ, AKAP4, PRM1, and PRM2). Testicular tissue biopsies 
      were used for evaluating spermatogenesis status in testis. Histopathological 
      examination and LH, FSH, and testosterone level measurements (chemiluminescence 
      assay) were performed. The presence of DAZ and PRM2 transcripts in semen 
      significantly indicated the presence of spermatogonia and spermatids in the 
      testicular tissues. Absence of all four markers in semen confirmed the 
      histopathological results corresponding to sertoli cell only syndrome (SCO). 
      Although TESE should not be excluded solely on this criteria, using PRM1, PRM2, 
      AKAP4, and DAZ transcripts in semen would provide a non-invasive molecular 
      diagnostic tool to better counsel patients before undergoing TESE.
FAU - Aslani, Ferial
AU  - Aslani F
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 
      Giessen, Germany.
FAU - Modarresi, Mohammad Hossein
AU  - Modarresi MH
FAU - Soltanghoraee, Haleh
AU  - Soltanghoraee H
FAU - Akhondi, Mohammad Mehdi
AU  - Akhondi MM
FAU - Shabani, Ashraf
AU  - Shabani A
FAU - Lakpour, Niknam
AU  - Lakpour N
FAU - Sadeghi, Mohammad Reza
AU  - Sadeghi MR
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110509
PL  - England
TA  - Syst Biol Reprod Med
JT  - Systems biology in reproductive medicine
JID - 101464963
RN  - 0 (A Kinase Anchor Proteins)
RN  - 0 (AKAP4 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (DAZ1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein)
RN  - 0 (PRM1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Protamines)
RN  - 0 (RNA-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (protamine 2)
SB  - IM
MH  - A Kinase Anchor Proteins/analysis
MH  - Adult
MH  - Azoospermia/*diagnosis/physiopathology
MH  - Biomarkers/*analysis
MH  - Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Protamines/analysis
MH  - RNA-Binding Proteins/analysis
MH  - Semen/*metabolism
MH  - Spermatogenesis/*physiology
MH  - Testis/pathology/physiopathology
EDAT- 2011/05/10 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/16 06:00
CRDT- 2011/05/10 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/05/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3109/19396368.2011.569906 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Syst Biol Reprod Med. 2011 Aug;57(4):190-6. doi: 10.3109/19396368.2011.569906. 
      Epub 2011 May 9.