PMID- 21549861
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111206
LR  - 20110817
IS  - 1873-0183 (Electronic)
IS  - 1568-9972 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 10
DP  - 2011 Aug
TI  - Angiogenic cytokines and growth factors in systemic sclerosis.
PG  - 590-4
LID - 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.04.019 [doi]
AB  - Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder characterized by a 
      widespread microangiopathy, autoimmunity and fibrosis of the skin and of various 
      internal organs. Microangiopathy is characterized by a reduced capillary density 
      and an irregular chaotic architecture that lead to chronic tissue hypoxia. 
      Despite the hypoxic conditions, there is no evidence for a sufficient 
      compensative angiogenesis in SSc. Furthermore, vasculogenesis is also impaired. 
      An imbalance between angiogenic and angiostatic factors might explain the 
      pathogenetic mechanisms of SSc vasculopathy. As far as angiogenic factors are 
      concerned, within the most important are vascular endothelial growth factor 
      (VEGF) and its receptors, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming 
      growth factor beta (TGF-beta), fibroblast growth factor -2 (FGF-2), angiopoietin 1 
      (Ang-1), stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1/CXCL12), endothelin-1 (ET-1), 
      monocyte chemoattractant protein -1 (MCP-1), urokinase type plasminogen activator 
      receptors (uPAR) and kallikreins, vascular adhesion molecules. On the other hand, 
      angiostatic factors include: endostatin, angiostatin, thrombospodin-1 (TSP-1), 
      angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2). Our knowledge concerning the dysregulation of angiogenic 
      homeostasis is largely incomplete and needs further research, for the future.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Liakouli, Vasiliki
AU  - Liakouli V
AD  - Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health, University of 
      L'Aquila, Italy. Vasiliki_liakouli@yahoo.it
FAU - Cipriani, Paola
AU  - Cipriani P
FAU - Marrelli, Alessandra
AU  - Marrelli A
FAU - Alvaro, Saverio
AU  - Alvaro S
FAU - Ruscitti, Piero
AU  - Ruscitti P
FAU - Giacomelli, Roberto
AU  - Giacomelli R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20110428
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Autoimmun Rev
JT  - Autoimmunity reviews
JID - 101128967
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Autoimmunity
MH  - Cytokines/*metabolism
MH  - Homeostasis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Neovascularization, Pathologic
MH  - Scleroderma, Systemic/*immunology/pathology/physiopathology
EDAT- 2011/05/10 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/13 00:00
CRDT- 2011/05/10 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/05/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/13 00:00 [medline]
AID - S1568-9972(11)00087-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.04.019 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Autoimmun Rev. 2011 Aug;10(10):590-4. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.04.019. Epub 
      2011 Apr 28.