PMID- 21560254
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111003
LR  - 20240320
IS  - 2151-4658 (Electronic)
IS  - 2151-464X (Print)
IS  - 2151-464X (Linking)
VI  - 63
IP  - 8
DP  - 2011 Aug
TI  - Neurocognitive impairment in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: 
      measurement issues in diagnosis.
PG  - 1178-87
LID - 10.1002/acr.20489 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in 
      childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) by comparing published 
      classification criteria, and to examine associations between NCI, disease 
      characteristics, psychosocial well-being, and intelligence. METHODS: cSLE 
      patients and ethnicity- and age-matched healthy controls completed a 
      neuropsychological research battery, and results were categorized by 3 different 
      NCI classification criteria with different cutoff scores (e.g., >2, 1.5, or 1 SD 
      below the mean) and the number of required abnormal tests or domains. RESULTS: 
      Forty-one cSLE subjects and 22 controls were included. Subjects were 
      predominantly female (~70%) and Hispanic ( approximately 70%). Executive functioning, 
      psychomotor speed, and fine motor speed were most commonly affected. Method 1 
      classified 34.1% of cSLE subjects with NCI compared to method 2 (14.6% with 
      decline and 7.3% with NCI) and method 3 (63.4% with NCI). The prevalence of NCI 
      was not significantly different between the controls and patients using any of 
      the categorization methods. NCI was not associated with SLE disease activity or 
      characteristics or with depression. Using method 3, patients in the cognitive 
      impairment group reported significantly lower quality of life estimates (69.7 
      versus 79.3; P = 0.03). Below average intellectual functioning (intelligence 
      quotient <90) differentiated the number of test scores >1 and >1.5 SDs, but not 
      >2 SDs below the mean. CONCLUSION: NCI was prevalent in cSLE, but varied 
      according to the chosen categorization method. A similar proportion of cSLE 
      patients and controls had NCI, reinforcing the importance of studying an 
      appropriate control group. Categorical classification (i.e., 
      impaired/nonimpaired) may oversimplify the commonly observed deficits in cSLE.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 by the American College of Rheumatology.
FAU - Williams, Tricia S
AU  - Williams TS
AD  - Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Aranow, Cynthia
AU  - Aranow C
FAU - Ross, Gail S
AU  - Ross GS
FAU - Barsdorf, Alexandra
AU  - Barsdorf A
FAU - Imundo, Lisa F
AU  - Imundo LF
FAU - Eichenfield, Andrew H
AU  - Eichenfield AH
FAU - Kahn, Philip J
AU  - Kahn PJ
FAU - Diamond, Betty
AU  - Diamond B
FAU - Levy, Deborah M
AU  - Levy DM
LA  - eng
GR  - K23 AR053202/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 AR053202-01A2/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23AR053202/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)
JT  - Arthritis care & research
JID - 101518086
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Age of Onset
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Child
MH  - *Child Development
MH  - Cognition Disorders/classification/complications/*etiology
MH  - *Executive Function
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*complications
MH  - Male
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests
MH  - *Psychomotor Performance
MH  - Reference Values
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC3149725
MID - NIHMS290538
EDAT- 2011/05/12 06:00
MHDA- 2011/10/04 06:00
PMCR- 2012/08/01
CRDT- 2011/05/12 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/05/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/10/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1002/acr.20489 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Aug;63(8):1178-87. doi: 10.1002/acr.20489.