PMID- 21607881
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111129
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 1424-3997 (Electronic)
IS  - 0036-7672 (Linking)
VI  - 141
DP  - 2011
TI  - Cardiac repair with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells after myocardial 
      infarction.
PG  - w13209
LID - 10.4414/smw.2011.13209 [doi]
AB  - Over the past decade, use of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells 
      (BMCs) has proven to be safe in phase-I/II studies in patients with myocardial 
      infarction (MI). Taken as a whole, results support a modest yet significant 
      improvement in cardiac function in cell-treated patients. Skeletal myoblasts, 
      adipose-derived stem cells, and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 
      have also been tested in clinical studies. MSCs expand rapidly in vitro and have 
      a potential for multilineage differentiation. However, their regenerative 
      capacity decreases with aging, limiting efficacy in old patients. Allogeneic MSCs 
      offer several advantages over autologous BMCs; however, immune rejection of 
      allogeneic cells remains a key issue. As human MSCs do not express the human 
      leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II under normal conditions, and because they 
      modulate T-cell-mediated responses, it has been proposed that allogeneic MSCs may 
      escape immunosurveillance. However, recent data suggest that allogeneic MSCs may 
      switch immune states in vivo to express HLA class II, present alloantigen and 
      induce immune rejection. Allogeneic MSCs, unlike syngeneic ones, were eliminated 
      from rat hearts by 5 weeks, with a loss of functional benefit. Allogeneic MSCs 
      have also been tested in initial clinical studies in cardiology patients. 
      Intravenous allogeneic MSC infusion has proven to be safe in a phase-I trial in 
      patients with acute MI. Endoventricular allogeneic MSC injection has been 
      associated with reduced adverse cardiac events in a phase-II trial in patients 
      with chronic heart failure. The long-term safety and efficacy of allogeneic MSCs 
      for cardiac repair remain to be established. Ongoing phase-II trials are 
      addressing these issues.
FAU - Vassalli, Giuseppe
AU  - Vassalli G
AD  - Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland. 
      giuseppe.vassalli@cardiocentro.org
FAU - Moccetti, Tiziano
AU  - Moccetti T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20110523
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Swiss Med Wkly
JT  - Swiss medical weekly
JID - 100970884
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
MH  - Myocardial Infarction/pathology/*therapy
MH  - Transplantation, Homologous/immunology
EDAT- 2011/05/25 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/13 00:00
CRDT- 2011/05/25 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/05/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/13 00:00 [medline]
AID - smw-13209 [pii]
AID - 10.4414/smw.2011.13209 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Swiss Med Wkly. 2011 May 23;141:w13209. doi: 10.4414/smw.2011.13209. eCollection 
      2011.