PMID- 21622231
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111003
LR  - 20220224
IS  - 2768-6698 (Electronic)
IS  - 2768-6698 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 9
DP  - 2011 Jun 1
TI  - Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) in cytokine signalling and host immunity.
PG  - 3214-32
AB  - The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 
      signal transduction pathway is essential to transmit signals from transmembrane 
      receptors to the nucleus in order to alter gene expression programs and to 
      respond to extracellular cues. Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) was the first member of 
      the JAK family that was identified within a screen for molecules complementing 
      human cell lines mutant for interferon (IFN) responses. During the last decades 
      biochemical studies and gene-targeted mice uncovered the crucial role of TYK2 in 
      immunity. Tyk2-deficient mice are viable and fertile but display multiple 
      immunological defects, most prominently high sensitivity to infections and 
      defective tumour surveillance. In contrast, absence of TYK2 results in increased 
      resistance against allergic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In support of 
      these data, the only patient with TYK2 deficiency described so far displays high 
      serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and increased sensitivity to infectious 
      diseases. Furthermore, numerous genome-wide association studies in humans propose 
      a link between TYK2 genetic variants and several autoimmune diseases, 
      inflammatory diseases and tumours. Thus, TYK2 appears as an attractive target for 
      therapeutic intervention. Future work will be required to further delineate 
      structure-function relationships and to fully understand the involvement of TYK2 
      in immune regulatory networks.
FAU - Strobl, Birgit
AU  - Strobl B
AD  - Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine 
      Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria. birgit.strobl@vetmeduni.ac.at
FAU - Stoiber, Dagmar
AU  - Stoiber D
FAU - Sexl, Veronika
AU  - Sexl V
FAU - Mueller, Mathias
AU  - Mueller M
LA  - eng
GR  - F 2808/FWF_/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria
GR  - F 2810/FWF_/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20110601
PL  - Singapore
TA  - Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
JT  - Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)
JID - 101612996
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - EC 2.7.10.2 (TYK2 Kinase)
RN  - EC 2.7.10.2 (TYK2 protein, human)
RN  - EC 2.7.10.2 (Tyk2 protein, mouse)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Autoimmune Diseases/enzymology
MH  - Cytokines/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/enzymology
MH  - Inflammation/enzymology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Knockout
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Protein Structure, Tertiary
MH  - Signal Transduction/immunology
MH  - TYK2 Kinase/chemistry/deficiency/genetics/*immunology/*metabolism
EDAT- 2011/05/31 06:00
MHDA- 2011/10/04 06:00
CRDT- 2011/05/31 06:00
PHST- 2011/05/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/05/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/10/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - 3908 [pii]
AID - 10.2741/3908 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2011 Jun 1;16(9):3214-32. doi: 10.2741/3908.