PMID- 21626109
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111205
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 9
DP  - 2011 Nov
TI  - Response of denitrification genes nirS, nirK, and nosZ to irrigation water 
      quality in a Chinese agricultural soil.
PG  - 1644-52
LID - 10.1007/s11356-011-0482-8 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Denitrification is an important biochemical process in global nitrogen 
      cycle, with a potent greenhouse gas product N(2)O. Wastewater irrigation can 
      result in the changes of soil properties and microbial communities of 
      agricultural soils. The purpose of this study was to examine how the soil 
      denitrification genes responded to different irrigation regimes. MATERIALS AND 
      METHODS: Soil samples were collected from three rural districts of Beijing 
      (China) with three different irrigation regimes: clean groundwater (CW), 
      reclaimed water (RW), and wastewater (WW). The abundance and diversity of three 
      denitrification microbial genes (nirS, nirK, and nosZ) were examined by real-time 
      polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis 
      (DGGE) molecular approaches. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The abundance of nirS in the 
      WW treatment was higher than that in the CW treatment, and no significant 
      difference was found between the RW and CW or WW treatments. The abundance of 
      nirK gene of the RW and WW treatments was higher than that of the CW treatment. 
      There was no difference for nosZ gene among the three treatments. Correspondence 
      analysis based on the DGGE profiles showed that there was no obvious difference 
      in the nosZ gene composition, but nirS and nirK genes changed with different 
      irrigation regimes. CONCLUSIONS: Irrigation with unclean water sources enhanced 
      the soil NO (3) (-) content and changed the abundance and composition of soil 
      denitrifiers, and different functional genes had different responses. Irrigation 
      with unclean water sources increased the abundance of nirK gene and changed the 
      community structures of nirS and nirK genes, while nosZ gene was relatively 
      stable in the soil. These results could be helpful to explore the mechanisms of 
      the variation of denitrification processes under long-term wastewater irrigation 
      and partially explain the reason of more N(2)O output in the field with 
      wastewater irrigation.
FAU - Zhou, Zhi-Feng
AU  - Zhou ZF
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for 
      Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
FAU - Zheng, Yuan-Ming
AU  - Zheng YM
FAU - Shen, Ju-Pei
AU  - Shen JP
FAU - Zhang, Li-Mei
AU  - Zhang LM
FAU - He, Ji-Zheng
AU  - He JZ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110528
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - K50XQU1029 (Nitrous Oxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Bacteria/genetics
MH  - China
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/*isolation & purification
MH  - Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis/methods
MH  - *Denitrification
MH  - *Genes, Bacterial
MH  - Groundwater/*chemistry
MH  - Nitrous Oxide/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Soil/*analysis
MH  - Soil Microbiology
EDAT- 2011/06/01 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/13 00:00
CRDT- 2011/06/01 06:00
PHST- 2010/12/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/03/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/06/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/13 00:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-011-0482-8 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2011 Nov;18(9):1644-52. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-011-0482-8. Epub 2011 May 28.