PMID- 21638283
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151019
LR  - 20201209
IS  - 1520-6017 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3549 (Linking)
VI  - 100
IP  - 10
DP  - 2011 Oct
TI  - PLGA microdevices for retinoids sustained release produced by supercritical 
      emulsion extraction: continuous versus batch operation layouts.
PG  - 4357-67
LID - 10.1002/jps.22647 [doi]
AB  - Retinyl acetate (RA) was selected as a model compound to be entrapped in 
      poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA) microspheres using supercritical emulsion 
      extraction (SEE). Several oil-in-water emulsions prepared using acetone and 
      aqueous glycerol (80% glycerol, 20% water) were processed using supercritical 
      carbon dioxide (SC-CO2 ) to extract the oily phase and to induce microspheres 
      formation. The characteristics of the microspheres obtained by conventional 
      liquid emulsion extraction and SEE were also compared: SEE produced spherical and 
      free flowing microspheres, whereas the conventional liquid-liquid extraction 
      showed large intraparticles aggregation. Emulsion extraction by SC-CO2 technology 
      was tested using two different operation layouts: batch (SEE-B) and continuous 
      (SEE-C). SEE-C was performed using a packed tower to produce emulsion/SC-CO2 
      contact in countercurrent mode, allowing higher microsphere recovery and process 
      efficiencies. Operating at 80 bar and 36 degrees C, SEE-C produced PLGA/RA microspheres 
      with mean sizes between 3.3 and 4.5 mum with an excellent encapsulation efficiency 
      of 80%-90%. Almost all the drug was released in about 6 days when charged at 2.7% 
      (w/w), whereas only 40% and 10% of RA were released in the same period of time 
      when the charge was 5.2% and 8.8% (w/w), respectively. Release kinetics constants 
      calculated from the experimental data, using a mathematical model, were also 
      proposed and discussed.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
FAU - Porta, Giovanna Della
AU  - Porta GD
AD  - Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Universita di Salerno, Via Ponte don 
      Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; Laboratorio di Ingegneria Cellulare e 
      Molecolare (DEIS), Universita di Bologna, Via Venezia 52, 47521 Cesena (FC), 
      Italy. gdellaporta@unisa.it.
FAU - Campardelli, Roberta
AU  - Campardelli R
FAU - Falco, Nunzia
AU  - Falco N
FAU - Reverchon, Ernesto
AU  - Reverchon E
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20110602
PL  - United States
TA  - J Pharm Sci
JT  - Journal of pharmaceutical sciences
JID - 2985195R
RN  - 0 (Delayed-Action Preparations)
RN  - 0 (Diterpenes)
RN  - 0 (Drug Carriers)
RN  - 0 (Emulsions)
RN  - 0 (Retinyl Esters)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 11103-57-4 (Vitamin A)
RN  - 1364PS73AF (Acetone)
RN  - 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide)
RN  - 1SIA8062RS (Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer)
RN  - 26009-03-0 (Polyglycolic Acid)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - 3LE3D9D6OY (retinol acetate)
RN  - PDC6A3C0OX (Glycerol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetone/chemistry
MH  - Carbon Dioxide/chemistry
MH  - Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
MH  - *Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid
MH  - Delayed-Action Preparations
MH  - Diterpenes
MH  - *Drug Carriers
MH  - Emulsions
MH  - Glycerol/chemistry
MH  - Kinetics
MH  - Lactic Acid/*chemistry
MH  - Microspheres
MH  - Models, Chemical
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Polyglycolic Acid/*chemistry
MH  - Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
MH  - Pressure
MH  - Retinyl Esters
MH  - Solubility
MH  - Technology, Pharmaceutical/*methods
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Vitamin A/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry
MH  - Water/chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PLGA
OT  - controlled release
OT  - emulsion
OT  - microspheres
OT  - supercritical fluids
EDAT- 2011/06/04 06:00
MHDA- 2015/10/20 06:00
CRDT- 2011/06/04 06:00
PHST- 2011/03/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/05/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/05/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/06/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/10/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0022-3549(15)31923-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/jps.22647 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Pharm Sci. 2011 Oct;100(10):4357-67. doi: 10.1002/jps.22647. Epub 2011 Jun 2.