PMID- 21711969
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111128
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 1945-8932 (Electronic)
IS  - 1945-8932 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 1
DP  - 2011 Jan-Feb
TI  - Nonallergic rhinitis and its association with smoking and lower airway disease: A 
      general population study.
PG  - 25-9
LID - 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3556 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The cause of nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) and its relation to lower 
      airway disease remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to perform a 
      descriptive analysis of the occurrence of rhinitis in a Danish general population 
      with focus on NAR and its association with smoking and lower airway disease. 
      METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study conducted in Copenhagen, 
      Denmark was performed. A random sample from the general population (n = 7931; 
      age, 18-69 years) was invited to a general health examination including 
      measurements of serum-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to common aeroallergens; 
      3471 (44%) persons were accepted. For further analysis, we divided the population 
      into the following groups: (I) negative specific IgE and no rhinitis (controls); 
      (II) negative specific IgE and rhinitis (NAR); (III) positive specific IgE and 
      rhinitis (allergic rhinitis [AR]); and (IV) positive specific IgE but no rhinitis 
      (sensitized). RESULTS: We found that NAR was associated with asthma (odds ratio 
      [OR] = 2.51 [1.87-3.37]); chronic bronchitis (OR = 2.27 [1.85-2.79]); current 
      smoking (>15 g/day; OR = 1.57 [1.18-2.08]); lower forced expiratory volume in 1 
      second/forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC) ratios and reduced FEV(1) values. The 
      association with chronic bronchitis was stronger in NAR than in AR, whereas the 
      opposite was true for asthma. FEV(1)/FVC of <70% was not significantly associated 
      to any group. CONCLUSION: This epidemiological study indicates that both asthma 
      and chronic bronchitis are important comorbidities in NAR confirming the "united 
      airway" hypothesis, and that smoking might be a significant modulator of disease. 
      Although NAR was significantly associated with poor lung function, no significant 
      association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was shown.
FAU - Hakansson, Kare
AU  - Hakansson K
AD  - Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 
      University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. kaare.haakansson@rh.regionh.dk
FAU - von Buchwald, Christian
AU  - von Buchwald C
FAU - Thomsen, Simon F
AU  - Thomsen SF
FAU - Thyssen, Jacob P
AU  - Thyssen JP
FAU - Backer, Vibeke
AU  - Backer V
FAU - Linneberg, Allan
AU  - Linneberg A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Rhinol Allergy
JT  - American journal of rhinology & allergy
JID - 101490775
RN  - 0 (Allergens)
RN  - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Allergens/adverse effects/immunology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Asthma/*epidemiology
MH  - Betula
MH  - Bronchitis/*epidemiology
MH  - Cats
MH  - Comorbidity
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Denmark
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin E/blood
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Poaceae
MH  - Pollen/adverse effects
MH  - Population Groups
MH  - Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/*epidemiology
MH  - Pyroglyphidae
MH  - Respiratory Function Tests
MH  - Rhinitis/diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathology
MH  - Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathology
MH  - Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/diagnosis/*epidemiology/physiopathology
MH  - Smoking
EDAT- 2011/06/30 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/13 00:00
CRDT- 2011/06/30 06:00
PHST- 2011/06/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/13 00:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3556 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2011 Jan-Feb;25(1):25-9. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3556.