PMID- 21722693
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111207
LR  - 20110801
IS  - 1873-6351 (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-6915 (Linking)
VI  - 49
IP  - 9
DP  - 2011 Sep
TI  - Effects of mixtures of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) derived from cod 
      liver oil on H295R steroidogenesis.
PG  - 2328-35
LID - 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.034 [doi]
AB  - Crude cod liver oil and liver oil supplements are consumed as a source of vitamin 
      A, D and polyunsaturated fatty acids; during winter and early pregnancy. Crude 
      cod liver oil however constitutes a considerable source of persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs). This paper aimed at characterizing and quantifying the 
      influence of POP mixtures extracted from three different steps in the cod liver 
      oil industrial process on hormone production and the expression of 
      steroidogenesis-related genes in H295R cells. Exposure to extracts from crude cod 
      liver oil and from its industrial waste increased progesterone (P4), cortisol 
      (Cort), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) production; and among others, the 
      expression of MC2R, CYP11B1 and HSD3B2 genes. Observed effects after exposure to 
      pharmaceutical cod liver oil extract were considerably lower. The type of effects 
      on gene expression and hormone production were similar to those induced by 
      forskolin and PCBs, the latter being the major contaminants within the extracts. 
      Additional research is required to further unveil the mechanisms behind the 
      observed steroidogenic effects and to assess whether the potential risk might 
      outweigh the potential benefits of crude and processed cod liver oil consumption.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Montano, M
AU  - Montano M
AD  - Department of Environment and Agro-biotechnologies, Centre de Recherche Public - 
      Gabriel Lippmann, 41, rue de Brill, L4422 Belvaux, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, 
      Luxembourg. montano@lippmann.lu
FAU - Zimmer, K E
AU  - Zimmer KE
FAU - Dahl, E
AU  - Dahl E
FAU - Berg, V
AU  - Berg V
FAU - Olsaker, I
AU  - Olsaker I
FAU - Skaare, J U
AU  - Skaare JU
FAU - Murk, A J
AU  - Murk AJ
FAU - Ropstad, E
AU  - Ropstad E
FAU - Verhaegen, S
AU  - Verhaegen S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110621
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem Toxicol
JT  - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British 
      Industrial Biological Research Association
JID - 8207483
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
RN  - 0 (Steroids)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 8001-69-2 (Cod Liver Oil)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Cod Liver Oil/*chemistry
MH  - DNA Primers
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Steroids/*biosynthesis
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2011/07/05 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/13 00:00
CRDT- 2011/07/05 06:00
PHST- 2011/04/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/06/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/06/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/07/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/07/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/13 00:00 [medline]
AID - S0278-6915(11)00278-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.034 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Sep;49(9):2328-35. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.034. Epub 
      2011 Jun 21.