PMID- 21789066
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111110
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1756-2880 (Electronic)
IS  - 1756-2872 (Print)
IS  - 1756-2872 (Linking)
VI  - 1
IP  - 4
DP  - 2009 Oct
TI  - Testosterone and phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors: new strategy for preventing 
      endothelial damage in internal and sexual medicine?
PG  - 179-97
LID - 10.1177/1756287209344992 [doi]
AB  - Normal vascular endothelium is essential for the synthesis and release of 
      substances affecting vascular tone (e.g. nitric oxide; NO), cell adhesion (e.g. 
      endothelins, interleukins), and the homeostasis of clotting and fibrinolysis 
      (e.g. plasminogen inhibitors, von Willebrand factor). The degeneration of 
      endothelial integrity promotes adverse events (AEs) leading to increased 
      atherogenesis and to the development of vascular systemic and penile end-organ 
      disease. Testosterone (T) is an important player in the regulation of vascular 
      tone through non-genomic actions exerted via blockade of extracellular-calcium 
      entry or activation of potassium channels; also, adequate T concentrations are 
      paramount for the regulation of phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE5) expression and 
      finally, for the actions exerted by hydrogen sulphide, a gas involved in the 
      alternative pathway controlling vasodilator responses in penile tissue. It is 
      known that an age-related decline of serum T is reported in approximately 20 to 
      30% of men whereas T deficiency is reported in up to 50% of men with metabolic 
      syndrome or diabetes. A number of laboratory and human studies have shown the 
      combination of T and other treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED), such as PDE5 
      inhibitors, to be more beneficial in patients with ED and hypogonadism, who fail 
      monotherapy for sexual disturbances.The aim of this review is to show evidence on 
      the role of T and PDE5 inhibitors, alone or in combination, as potential boosters 
      of endothelial function in internal medicine diseases associated with reduced T 
      or NO bioavailability, i.e. metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, coronary 
      artery disease, hyperhomocysteinemia, that share common risk factors with ED. 
      Furthermore, the possibility of such a strategy to prevent endothelial 
      dysfunction in men at increased cardiovascular risk is discussed.
FAU - Aversa, Antonio
AU  - Aversa A
AD  - Dip.to Fisiopatologia Medica, Room 37, Viale Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome Italy.
FAU - Bruzziches, Roberto
AU  - Bruzziches R
FAU - Francomano, Davide
AU  - Francomano D
FAU - Natali, Marco
AU  - Natali M
FAU - Lenzi, Andrea
AU  - Lenzi A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Ther Adv Urol
JT  - Therapeutic advances in urology
JID - 101487328
PMC - PMC3126062
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - adenosine diphosphate
OT  - cardiovascular disease
OT  - endothelial dysfunction
OT  - erectile dysfunction
OT  - hydrogen sulphide
OT  - phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors
OT  - testosterone
EDAT- 2009/10/01 00:00
MHDA- 2009/10/01 00:01
PMCR- 2009/10/01
CRDT- 2011/07/27 06:00
PHST- 2011/07/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/10/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/10/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2009/10/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1177_1756287209344992 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1756287209344992 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ther Adv Urol. 2009 Oct;1(4):179-97. doi: 10.1177/1756287209344992.