PMID- 21795359
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111031
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1098-5514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-538X (Print)
IS  - 0022-538X (Linking)
VI  - 85
IP  - 19
DP  - 2011 Oct
TI  - Expression of herpes simplex virus 1-encoded microRNAs in human trigeminal 
      ganglia and their relation to local T-cell infiltrates.
PG  - 9680-5
LID - 10.1128/JVI.00874-11 [doi]
AB  - Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic virus which establishes lifelong 
      latency in human trigeminal ganglia (TG). Currently, two nonexclusive control 
      mechanisms of HSV-1 latency are discussed: antiviral CD8(+) T cells and viral 
      microRNAs (miRNAs) encoded by the latency associated transcript (LAT). We 
      investigate here to what extent these mechanisms may contribute to the 
      maintenance of HSV-1 latency. We show that only a small proportion of LAT(+) 
      neurons is surrounded by T cells in human TG. This indicates that viral latency 
      in human TG might be controlled by other mechanisms such as viral miRNAs. 
      Therefore, we assessed TG sections for the presence of HSV-1 miRNA, DNA, and mRNA 
      by combining LAT in situ hybridization, T-cell immunohistochemistry, and single 
      cell analysis of laser-microdissected sensory neurons. Quantitative reverse 
      transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) revealed that LAT(+) neurons with or without 
      surrounding T cells were always positive for HSV-1 miRNAs and DNA. Furthermore, 
      ICP0 mRNA could rarely be detected only in LAT(+) neurons, as analyzed by 
      single-cell RT-PCR. In contrast, in LAT(-) neurons that were surrounded by T 
      cells, neither miRNAs nor the DNA of HSV-1, HSV-2, or varicella-zoster virus 
      could be detected. These data indicate that the majority of LAT(+) neurons is not 
      directly controlled by T cells. However, miRNA expression in every latently 
      infected neuron would provide an additional checkpoint before viral replication 
      is initiated.
FAU - Held, Kathrin
AU  - Held K
AD  - Department of Neurology, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, 
      Switzerland.
FAU - Junker, Andreas
AU  - Junker A
FAU - Dornmair, Klaus
AU  - Dornmair K
FAU - Meinl, Edgar
AU  - Meinl E
FAU - Sinicina, Inga
AU  - Sinicina I
FAU - Brandt, Thomas
AU  - Brandt T
FAU - Theil, Diethilde
AU  - Theil D
FAU - Derfuss, Tobias
AU  - Derfuss T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110727
PL  - United States
TA  - J Virol
JT  - Journal of virology
JID - 0113724
RN  - 0 (MicroRNAs)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - *Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
MH  - Herpesvirus 1, Human/growth & development/*pathogenicity
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - MicroRNAs/*biosynthesis
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - RNA, Viral/biosynthesis
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
MH  - Trigeminal Ganglion/pathology/*virology
MH  - *Virus Latency
PMC - PMC3196425
EDAT- 2011/07/29 06:00
MHDA- 2011/11/01 06:00
PMCR- 2012/04/01
CRDT- 2011/07/29 06:00
PHST- 2011/07/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/07/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/11/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2012/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - JVI.00874-11 [pii]
AID - 0874-11 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/JVI.00874-11 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Virol. 2011 Oct;85(19):9680-5. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00874-11. Epub 2011 Jul 27.