PMID- 21809379
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120207
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1554-527X (Electronic)
IS  - 0736-0266 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 2
DP  - 2012 Feb
TI  - Comparison of gene expression patterns in articular cartilage and 
      dedifferentiated articular chondrocytes.
PG  - 234-45
LID - 10.1002/jor.21503 [doi]
AB  - During monolayer culture, articular chondrocytes dedifferentiate into 
      fibroblast-like cells. The mechanisms underlying this process are poorly 
      understood. We sought to further characterize dedifferentiation by identifying an 
      extended panel of genes that distinguish articular cartilage from 
      dedifferentiated chondrocytes. Thirty-nine candidate marker-genes were identified 
      from previous studies on articular-cartilage gene-expression. Real-time PCR was 
      used to evaluate the mRNA levels for these candidates in calf articular cartilage 
      and dedifferentiated articular chondrocytes. Twenty-two of the candidate marker 
      genes exhibited at least a two-fold difference in gene expression in the two cell 
      types. Twelve of these genes had at least a ten-fold difference in gene 
      expression. Tenascin C (TNC), type I collagen (COL1A1), and hypoxia-inducible 
      factor 1 alpha (HIF1alpha) showed the highest relative expression levels in 
      dedifferentiated chonodrocytes. Type II collagen (COL2A1), type XI collagen 
      (COL11A2), and superficial zone protein (SZP) showed the highest relative 
      expression levels in articular cartilage. In contrast to previous findings, 
      fibromodulin mRNA, and protein levels were higher in dedifferentiated 
      chondrocytes. Compared to smaller subsets of markers, this panel of 12 highly 
      differentially expressed genes may more precisely distinguish articular cartilage 
      from dedifferentiated chondrocytes. Since many of the genes up-regulated in 
      dedifferentiated chondrocytes are also expressed during cartilage development, 
      dedifferentiated chondrocytes may possess features of cartilage precursor cells.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society.
FAU - Cheng, Tiffany
AU  - Cheng T
AD  - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco and 
      San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, USA.
FAU - Maddox, Nicole C
AU  - Maddox NC
FAU - Wong, Andrew W
AU  - Wong AW
FAU - Rahnama, Ruyan
AU  - Rahnama R
FAU - Kuo, Alfred C
AU  - Kuo AC
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110801
PL  - United States
TA  - J Orthop Res
JT  - Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic 
      Research Society
JID - 8404726
RN  - 0 (Extracellular Matrix Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Proteoglycans)
RN  - 126468-95-9 (Fibromodulin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cartilage, Articular/*metabolism
MH  - Cattle
MH  - *Cell Dedifferentiation
MH  - Chondrocytes/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Chondrogenesis
MH  - Extracellular Matrix Proteins/analysis/genetics
MH  - Fibromodulin
MH  - *Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Proteoglycans/analysis/genetics
EDAT- 2011/08/03 06:00
MHDA- 2012/02/09 06:00
CRDT- 2011/08/03 06:00
PHST- 2010/10/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/06/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/08/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/08/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/02/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/jor.21503 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Orthop Res. 2012 Feb;30(2):234-45. doi: 10.1002/jor.21503. Epub 2011 Aug 1.