PMID- 21811520
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111110
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1918-3011 (Electronic)
IS  - 1918-3003 (Print)
IS  - 1918-3003 (Linking)
VI  - 2
IP  - 2
DP  - 2010 Mar 20
TI  - Biomarkers predicting progression of human immunodeficiency virus-related 
      disease.
PG  - 55-61
LID - 10.4021/jocmr2010.03.255w [doi]
AB  - Biomarkers in predicting the progression of HIV infected individuals to a state 
      of HIV disease (AIDS) are studied over more than a decade. Use of surrogate 
      markers in the past for tracking clinical progression of the disease was limited, 
      as little knowledge existed about the disease. The aim of this review was to 
      address various changes in biomarker related studies taking place over the last 
      five years, especially the trend towards use of newer biomarkers and 
      experimentation with novel molecules in a quest for halting HIV disease 
      progression. An open search of PUBMED database was made with search key words 
      such as Biomarkers and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).The following 
      were the inclusion criteria for articles: a) all articles published in English 
      language, b) years of publication between 2002-2008 and c) articles limited to 
      adult population. This yielded a total of 417 articles. The criteria used for 
      further judging these studies considered a) type of research design, b) number of 
      biomarkers studied, c) validity of the biomarkers, d) techniques to assess the 
      biomarkers and the impact of the studies in furthering biomarker research, e) 
      sample size for the studies and f) article title or abstracts having the 
      following key words biomarker or biomarkers and predict progression to AIDS. A 
      total of 27 abstracts were reviewed and 12 studies met the above criteria. These 
      12 different studies consisted of three reviews, four cohort designs, three 
      cross-sectional designs, one each of an observational, and an in-vitro design. 
      The various biomarkers emerging as a results were primarily a mix of viral, 
      neural, immunological, HLA (human leukocyte antigen) markers along with 
      lymphocyte counts. Although there have been quite a few advancements in 
      biomarker-related studies, majority of the novel biomarkers discovered need to be 
      further evaluated and replicated in bigger, long-term efficacy trials. Efforts 
      should also be made to discover newer genetic markers of disease progression. 
      Biomarker feedback, a new concept, can be utilized in future studies addressing 
      prevention of HIV infection or halting disease progression. KEYWORDS: Biomarkers; 
      Progression; Designs; HIV; AIDS; Validity.
FAU - Kanekar, Amar
AU  - Kanekar A
AD  - Department of Health Studies, 200 Prospect Street, Denike 14 B, East Stroudsburg 
      University of Pennsylvania, East Stroudsburg, PA 18301-2999, USA. Email: 
      akanekar@po-box.esu.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20100311
PL  - Canada
TA  - J Clin Med Res
JT  - Journal of clinical medicine research
JID - 101538301
PMC - PMC3140879
EDAT- 2010/03/20 00:00
MHDA- 2010/03/20 00:01
PMCR- 2010/04/01
CRDT- 2011/08/04 06:00
PHST- 2010/02/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/08/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/03/20 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/03/20 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2010/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4021/jocmr2010.03.255w [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Med Res. 2010 Mar 20;2(2):55-61. doi: 10.4021/jocmr2010.03.255w. Epub 2010 
      Mar 11.