PMID- 21819101
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120202
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1520-5851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 45
IP  - 17
DP  - 2011 Sep 1
TI  - Has the burden and distribution of PCBs and PBDEs changed in European background 
      soils between 1998 and 2008? Implications for sources and processes.
PG  - 7291-7
LID - 10.1021/es200961p [doi]
AB  - Background soils were collected from 70 locations on a latitudinal transect in 
      the United Kingdom and Norway in 2008, ten years after they had first been 
      sampled in 1998. The soils were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 
      polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCs), to 
      see whether there had been any change in the loadings or distributions of these 
      persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The same transect has also been used to 
      sample air between the mid-1990s and the present, so the air and soil spatial and 
      temporal trends provide information on air-soil transfers, source-receptor 
      relationships, long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT), and recycling phenomena. 
      Comparisons of the 2008 and 1998 data sets show a general decline for PBDEs in 
      surface soil, and a smaller averaged net decline of PCBs. Changes between the 
      years were observed for total POP concentrations in soil and also for 
      correlations with site and sample characteristics assumed to affect those 
      concentrations. POP concentrations were correlated to distance and strength of 
      possible sources, a relationship that became weaker in the 2008 data. 
      Fractionation, a commonly discussed process for the global cycling of POPs was 
      also lost in the 2008 data. As in 1998, soil organic matter content continues to 
      have a strong influence on the loadings of POPs in surface soils, but changes in 
      the PCB loads were noted. These factors indicate an approach to air-surface soil 
      equilibrium and a lessening of the influence of primary sources on POP 
      concentrations in soil between 1998 and 2008.
FAU - Schuster, Jasmin K
AU  - Schuster JK
AD  - Centre for Chemicals Management, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster 
      University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom. j.schuster1@lancaster.ac.uk
FAU - Gioia, Rosalinda
AU  - Gioia R
FAU - Moeckel, Claudia
AU  - Moeckel C
FAU - Agarwal, Tripti
AU  - Agarwal T
FAU - Bucheli, Thomas D
AU  - Bucheli TD
FAU - Breivik, Knut
AU  - Breivik K
FAU - Steinnes, Eiliv
AU  - Steinnes E
FAU - Jones, Kevin C
AU  - Jones KC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110805
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Chemical Fractionation
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/methods
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis
MH  - Norway
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*analysis
MH  - Soil/*chemistry
MH  - Soil Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - United Kingdom
EDAT- 2011/08/09 06:00
MHDA- 2012/02/03 06:00
CRDT- 2011/08/09 06:00
PHST- 2011/08/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/08/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/02/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1021/es200961p [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Sep 1;45(17):7291-7. doi: 10.1021/es200961p. Epub 2011 
      Aug 5.