PMID- 21822758
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120626
LR  - 20211020
IS  - 1476-3524 (Electronic)
IS  - 1029-8428 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 3
DP  - 2012 Apr
TI  - Effect of aspartame on oxidative stress and monoamine neurotransmitter levels in 
      lipopolysaccharide-treated mice.
PG  - 245-55
LID - 10.1007/s12640-011-9264-9 [doi]
AB  - This study aimed at investigating the effect of the sweetener aspartame on 
      oxidative stress and brain monoamines in normal circumstances and after 
      intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 mug/kg) in 
      mice. Aspartame (0.625-45 mg/kg) was given via subcutaneous route at the time of 
      endotoxin administration. Mice were euthanized 4 h later. Reduced glutathione 
      (GSH), lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; TBARS), and 
      nitrite concentrations were measured in brain and liver. Tumor necrosis 
      factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and glucose were determined in brain. Alanine 
      aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline 
      phosphatase (ALP) were measured in liver. The administration of only aspartame 
      (22.5 and 45 mg/kg) increased brain TBARS by 17.7-32.8%, decreased GSH by 
      25.6-31.6%, and increased TNF-alpha by 16.7-44%. Aspartame caused dose-dependent 
      inhibition of brain serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine. Aspartame did not 
      alter liver TBARS, nitrite, GSH, AST, ALT, or ALP. The administration of LPS 
      increased nitrite in brain and liver by 26.8 and 37.1%, respectively; decreased 
      GSH in brain and liver by 21.6 and 31.1%, respectively; increased brain TNF-alpha by 
      340.4%, and glucose by 39.9%, and caused marked increase in brain monoamines. LPS 
      increased AST, ALT, and ALP in liver tissue by 84.4, 173.7, and 258.9%, 
      respectively. Aspartame given to LPS-treated mice at 11.25 and 22.5 mg/kg 
      increased brain TBARS by 15.5-16.9%, nitrite by 12.6-20.1%, and mitigated the 
      increase in monoamines. Aspartame did not alter liver TBARS, nitrite, GSH, ALT, 
      AST, or ALP. Thus, the administration of aspartame alone or in the presence of 
      mild systemic inflammatory response increases oxidative stress and inflammation 
      in the brain, but not in the liver.
FAU - Abdel-Salam, Omar M E
AU  - Abdel-Salam OM
AD  - Department of Toxicology and Narcotics, National Research Centre, Tahrir St., 
      Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. omasalam@hotmail.com
FAU - Salem, Neveen A
AU  - Salem NA
FAU - Hussein, Jihan Seid
AU  - Hussein JS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20110806
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurotox Res
JT  - Neurotoxicity research
JID - 100929017
RN  - 0 (Biogenic Monoamines)
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
RN  - 0 (Sweetening Agents)
RN  - 0 (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide)
RN  - 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
RN  - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine)
RN  - X4W3ENH1CV (Norepinephrine)
RN  - Z0H242BBR1 (Aspartame)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aspartame/*pharmacology
MH  - Biogenic Monoamines/*metabolism
MH  - Brain/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Dopamine/metabolism
MH  - Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Glutathione/metabolism
MH  - Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides/*pharmacology
MH  - Liver/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Nitric Oxide/metabolism
MH  - Norepinephrine/metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress/*drug effects
MH  - Serotonin/metabolism
MH  - Sweetening Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolism
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
EDAT- 2011/08/09 06:00
MHDA- 2012/06/27 06:00
CRDT- 2011/08/09 06:00
PHST- 2011/07/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/07/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/07/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/08/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/08/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/06/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s12640-011-9264-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurotox Res. 2012 Apr;21(3):245-55. doi: 10.1007/s12640-011-9264-9. Epub 2011 
      Aug 6.