PMID- 21843619
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20120214
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1872-7573 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 137
IP  - 3
DP  - 2011 Oct 11
TI  - Ethyl gallate isolated from Pistacia integerrima Linn. inhibits cell adhesion 
      molecules by blocking AP-1 transcription factor.
PG  - 1345-52
LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.068 [doi]
AB  - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Galls from Pistacia integerrima Linn. 
      (kakadshringhi) have been used as therapeutic agent for various inflammatory 
      diseases in Indian system of traditional medicine. However, the active 
      constituents underlying the medicinal properties of the Pistacia integerrima 
      Linn. have not been thoroughly investigated yet. AIM OF THE STUDY: Deregulated 
      expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) on vascular endothelium aggravates 
      the inflammatory condition in various chronic diseases. In this work, we aimed to 
      identify the active constituent from leaf gall of Pistacia integerrima Linn. 
      using CAMs expression assay in activity guided purification, followed by 
      determining the molecular mechanism of action. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cell based 
      ELISA for LPS induced CAMs expression in human vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) 
      was used for the activity guided isolation form Pistacia galls followed by 
      structural determination of active constituent using IR, MS and NMR spectroscopy. 
      Mechanism of action of the active constituent was investigated by western blot, 
      RT-PCR and EMSA experiments. RESULTS: In our study, ethyl gallate (EG) was 
      identified as the active constituent of Pistacia integerrima Linn. for mediating 
      its anti-inflammatory activity. It significantly attenuated LPS induced ICAM-1 
      and VCAM-1 at the protein and mRNA levels. At a functional level, it inhibited 
      the adhesion of neutrophils to LPS activated endothelium. To identify its 
      mechanism of action, we demonstrated that EG inhibited LPS induced cell adhesion 
      molecules expression by blocking AP-1 transcription factor without affecting 
      nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that EG 
      could be useful as a lead molecule for developing therapeutic agent for various 
      inflammatory diseases.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Mehla, Kamiya
AU  - Mehla K
AD  - Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative 
      Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
FAU - Balwani, Sakshi
AU  - Balwani S
FAU - Kulshreshtha, Ankur
AU  - Kulshreshtha A
FAU - Nandi, Debkumar
AU  - Nandi D
FAU - Jaisankar, Parasuraman
AU  - Jaisankar P
FAU - Ghosh, Balaram
AU  - Ghosh B
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20110805
PL  - Ireland
TA  - J Ethnopharmacol
JT  - Journal of ethnopharmacology
JID - 7903310
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factor AP-1)
RN  - 0 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1)
RN  - 126547-89-5 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1)
RN  - 235I6UDD3L (ethyl gallate)
RN  - 632XD903SP (Gallic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Cell Adhesion/*drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Chemical Fractionation
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Chromatography, Thin Layer
MH  - Coculture Techniques
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Gallic Acid/*analogs & derivatives/isolation & purification/pharmacology
MH  - Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/*drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Neutrophils/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - *Pistacia/chemistry
MH  - Plant Extracts/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
MH  - Plant Leaves
MH  - Plant Tumors
MH  - Plants, Medicinal
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Transcription Factor AP-1/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
MH  - Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics/*metabolism
EDAT- 2011/08/17 06:00
MHDA- 2012/02/15 06:00
CRDT- 2011/08/17 06:00
PHST- 2011/02/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2011/06/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/07/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/08/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/08/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/02/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-8741(11)00562-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.068 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Oct 11;137(3):1345-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.068. 
      Epub 2011 Aug 5.