PMID- 21896870
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20111227
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 1552-5783 (Electronic)
IS  - 0146-0404 (Linking)
VI  - 52
IP  - 11
DP  - 2011 Oct 11
TI  - Enhancement of axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells in adult rats by 
      etomidate: involvement of protein kinase C.
PG  - 8117-22
LID - 10.1167/iovs.11-7774 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of etomidate (ET) on axonal regeneration of 
      retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in adult rats. METHODS: The optic nerve was 
      transected intraorbitally at 1 mm from the optic disc, and an autologous 
      peripheral nerve was transplanted onto the ocular ON stump in adult rats. Then 
      the animals were treated with ET, Go6976, ET combined with Go6976, 
      phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), or ET combined with PMA. Four weeks after 
      grafting, the number of regenerating RGCs labeled retrogradely with neuronal 
      retrograde tracer was counted in all animals, and the activity of membrane 
      protein kinase C (mPKC) and cytoplasmic PKC (cPKC) was measured in ET-treated 
      animals. RESULTS: The number of regenerating RGCs significantly increased when 
      the dose of ET was increased from 2 mg/kg to 6 mg/kg, whereas the ratio of mPKC 
      activity to cPKC activity significantly decreased in ET-treated animals. Go6976, 
      a potent conventional PKC inhibitor, also significantly increased the number of 
      regenerating RGCs. However, the number of regenerating RGCs in animals treated 
      with Go6976 alone was significantly lower than in those treated with ET at 6 
      mg/kg. Combined treatment with ET at 6 mg/kg and Go6976 did not increase the 
      number of regenerating RGCs. In contrast, PMA, a potent PKC activator, partially 
      abolished the positive effect of ET on the axonal regeneration of axotomized 
      RGCs. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ET promotes axonal regeneration of 
      RGCs in adult rats, in part by inhibiting conventional PKC.
FAU - Xu, Zhao-Xi
AU  - Xu ZX
AD  - Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, PLA, 
      Wuhan, China. xzx8066@hotmail.com
FAU - Qin, Shang-Zhen
AU  - Qin SZ
FAU - Xu, Guo-Zheng
AU  - Xu GZ
FAU - Hu, Jun-Min
AU  - Hu JM
FAU - Ma, Lian-Ting
AU  - Ma LT
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20111011
PL  - United States
TA  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
JT  - Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
JID - 7703701
RN  - 0 (Anesthetics, Intravenous)
RN  - 0 (Carbazoles)
RN  - 0 (Enzyme Inhibitors)
RN  - 136194-77-9 (Go 6976)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.13 (Protein Kinase C)
RN  - NI40JAQ945 (Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate)
RN  - Z22628B598 (Etomidate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anesthetics, Intravenous/*pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Axons/*physiology
MH  - Axotomy
MH  - Carbazoles/pharmacology
MH  - Cell Count
MH  - Cell Survival
MH  - Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
MH  - Etomidate/*pharmacology
MH  - Female
MH  - Injections, Intraperitoneal
MH  - Nerve Regeneration/*physiology
MH  - Optic Nerve/surgery
MH  - Peripheral Nerves/transplantation
MH  - Protein Kinase C/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Retinal Ganglion Cells/enzymology/*physiology
MH  - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
EDAT- 2011/09/08 06:00
MHDA- 2011/12/28 06:00
CRDT- 2011/09/08 06:00
PHST- 2011/09/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/09/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/12/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - iovs.11-7774 [pii]
AID - 10.1167/iovs.11-7774 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Oct 11;52(11):8117-22. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-7774.